Drivers of Productivity of Montane and Boreal Breeding Ducks
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Annual rates of productivity in wildlife populations are influenced by climatic and biotic factors, and offspring production and recruitment are key components of population growth in many duck species. For lesser scaup (Aythya affinis; scaup), a species of conservation concern, productivity can be particularly influential to population growth, although our understanding of factors affecting production is incomplete. \nI sought to identify local drivers of productivity in scaup and several other duck species by testing hypotheses related to: (i) spring phenology; (ii) local breeding-season weather; (iii) density dependence; and (iv) predator-prey dynamics. To test these hypotheses, I used long-term datasets from two distinct breeding areas: a montane site at Red Rock Lakes (RRL) Montana, USA, and a boreal site, the Yellowknife Study Area (YKSA) near Yellowknife, Northwest Territories, Canada. Ducks breeding at these sites have been studied for periods of 9 (RRL, scaup) to 26 (YKSA, multiple boreal duck species) years. I used age-corrected body masses of 5727 scaup ducklings at RRL and 26 years of annual duck pair and brood abundance counts at YKSA to assess annual variation in duckling quality (RRL) and productivity (YKSA). \nAge-corrected scaup duckling body mass was lower in years of both early and late spring conditions (i.e., ice-out dates) at RRL. There was no effect of the timing of spring conditions on brood abundance at YKSA. Warmer local weather conditions in the pre-nesting period were positively associated with metrics of duckling quality (RRL) and productivity (YKSA). Brood-rearing weather conditions had a small positive relationship with duckling quality at RRL, but no relationship was found with brood abundance at YKSA. \nI also related scaup duckling quality to the density of conspecifics at RRL. Age-corrected body mass of scaup ducklings was lower in years of higher duckling density, a pattern that is consistent with possible density dependent regulation of scaup productivity at this site. At YKSA, overall duck brood abundance increased more slowly than pair abundance (i.e. regression slope < 1:1), suggesting lower duckling production in years of higher pair density. \nFinally, to test effects of predator-prey dynamics on duck productivity, I related annual duck brood abundance to a small mammal index, hare density and indices of fox and lynx at YKSA. I found a non-linear relationship between brood abundance and small mammals. Furthermore, brood abundance was consistently lower when hare density was high in the current and previous years, perhaps because predators prey on species unselectively when prey abundance is high. Predator abundance indices were not strongly correlated with duck productivity, but brood abundance had a weak negative relationship with lynx abundance.\nMy research identified several climatic and biotic mechanisms influencing productivity in ducks on breeding grounds across time and geographical range. It highlights the importance of long-term data to evaluate hypotheses at small spatial scales.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,005 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».