EVALUATING THE NITROUS OXIDE MITIGATION POTENTIAL OF ENHANCED EFFICIENCY NITROGEN FERTILIZER PRODUCTS IN A SASKATCHEWAN IRRIGATED CEREAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Nitrogen fertilizers added to agricultural field crops are a significant source of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from Canadian soils. Irrigated cropping systems are of particular concern due to intensive management and higher fertilizer rates corresponding to higher yield potential, which result in higher N2O emissions. Fall fertilizer applications are also at risk of greater N2O-N loss due to the length of time between application and crop uptake in the subsequent growing season. Enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizers (EENFs) can be used to mitigate environmental losses that contribute to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by slowing the release rate of N. Nitrous oxide emissions experience spatial and temporal variability and are highly dependent on management practice, thus, it is important to evaluate mitigation techniques across different geographies and cropping systems. \nOver the course of two growing seasons and the subsequent spring thaw periods, fall and spring applications of conventional fertilizers (CF) and EENFs were evaluated in spring wheat under irrigation in south-central Saskatchewan. Nutrient supply rate of nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) were measured using PRS® probes and N2O emissions were collected from non-steady state vented chambers that were placed both on and off the fertilizer bands. Treatments included an unfertilized check, two conventional N sources (urea and anhydrous ammonia), a polymer-coated urea (ESN), two nitrification inhibitors (eNtrench, N-Serve), a dual−action urease inhibitor (Limus), and a dual (nitrification + urease) inhibitor (SuperU). \nIn this study, the supply rate of NO3- and NH4+ from EENFs was consistent with the mode of action of the product. Polymer-coated urea and products containing a urease inhibitor (UI) reduced the supply rate of NH4+ compared to CFs and products containing a nitrification inhibitor (NI) reduced the supply rate of NO3-. Interestingly, increased supply rates of bioavailable N were observed in all treatments over the winter when the soil was frozen. Unsurprisingly, the greatest N2O emissions fluxes corresponded with the spring melt periods and the period shortly following spring fertilization. Up to 75% of the annual, cumulative N2O flux occurred during the spring thaw. Enhanced efficiency nitrogen fertilizer N2O emission reductions were inconsistent when applied in the fall, whereas, spring applications of EENFs were much more consistent at reducing N2O emissions. Fall-applied SuperU (U/NI) and eNtrench (NI) reduced N2O emissions compared to untreated urea but only in the second field season. Spring-applied SuperU (U/NI), eNtrench (NI) and Limus (DAUI) consistently and significantly reduced N2O emissions across both field seasons (78-99%). The PCU (ESN) and AA-based NI (N-Serve) successfully reduced N2O emissions (43% and 68%, respectively) in the second field season only. Although environmental benefits are clear, specifically from using EENFs in a spring application of N, an agronomic benefit of increased yield was not observed in any of the N source treatments or application timings.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».