The genetics and genomics of herbicide resistant Kochia scoparia L.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Weed genomics resources lag behind other plant biology disciplines despite larger annual crop losses occurring due to weeds than to plant pathogens or invertebrate pests.To date only a handful of weed genomes are assembled, and what is available is generally incomplete, poorly annotated, or only useful to a small group of researchers.Recent advancements in sequencing and an increased interest in the genetic foundations of weedy traits have contributed to driving de novo genome assemblies for key weed species.The introduced weed species Kochia scoparia (kochia) is the most important weed species in Colorado and severely impacts yield in various crop systems including sugar beet, wheat, and corn.Additionally, kochia rapidly invades disturbed land including roadsides, drainage areas, rangelands, and pastures.Kochia spans a massive geographic distribution, from as far south as Mexico, as far north as Saskatoon, Canada, as far east as the Mississippi river, and as far west as Oregon.Locally, kochia populations are well adapted to various abiotic stresses including drought, cold, high salinity, and high wind.Recently, and most importantly, kochia has evolved resistance to several modes of herbicide action.Currently kochia populations exist that are resistant to acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors, photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors, several synthetic auxin compounds, and the 5enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) inhibitor, glyphosate.Individuals have even been identified that are resistant to all four modes of action (MOA) simultaneously.Each herbicide mode of action (MOA) resistance case is caused by different mutations or even different mutation types (target site SNPs, copy number variation, translocation changes, etc.).iii Selection pressure from herbicides is intense as not having the proper allele is lethal; therefore, resistance alleles are selected and go to fixation quickly.Kochia populations may be especially prone to herbicide resistance for a variety of physiological reasons, as kochia plants can produce thousands of seeds, are wind pollinated, are primarily outcrossing, and have tumbleweed seed dispersal in the windier environments like eastern Colorado and Kansas.Additionally, there may be genetic and genomic explanations for rapid herbicide resistance evolution such as rapid mutation rates or dynamic responses to environmental stress.Glyphosate resistance, in particular, has driven a significant amount of herbicide resistance research in this species.In this case, resistance is caused by copy number variation of the target gene, EPSPS.Over production of the EPSPS enzyme makes normally lethal doses of glyphosate inadequate for control.Many of the details underlying gene amplification are missing, such as what are its origins and what genes are included in the duplication event.Understanding mechanisms of gene duplication is fundamental to understanding the evolution of resistance, predicting future gene duplication events, and understanding the significance of fitness and inheritance studies.I especially want to thank my committee: Dr. Todd Gaines, who gave me the opportunity to do the work I love and for always being there as a friend, mentor and colleague, Dr. Dan Sloan who shaped my understanding of plant genomes, Dr. Chris Saski for forcing me to always improve my science and adopt new techniques, and Dr. Stephen Pearce for asking the tough questions.Thank you to the weed lab for being excellent scientists and friends.I would have killed every plant
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».