Assessing and managing metalaxyl-m resistant strains of the potato pink rot pathogen Phytophthora erythroseptica in Canada
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Phytophthora erythroseptica Pethybr. is the causal agent of potato pink rot which\nresults in a wet rot and complete breakdown of tubers leading to significant yield losses in field and storage settings. Traditionally, products containing metalaxyl and later its enantiomer metalaxyl-m have been used to manage P. erythroseptica. However, in recent years, metalaxyl-m resistant strains of P. erythroseptica have been recovered in the United States and Atlantic Canada. A national survey was conducted from 2013 to 2016 to assess the distribution of metalaxyl m-resistant populations in Canadian potato- producing regions. The survey recovered resistant isolates from Prince Edward Island, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Manitoba, and Alberta. As a result of this survey, resistant isolates were identified for the first time in Ontario, Manitoba, and Alberta. Due to the increasing frequency of metalaxyl-m resistant populations there is a need for alternative management strategies. Therefore, registered and experimental fungicides were assessed for the capacity to control the pink rot pathogen in field and storage settings. The fungicides evaluated were metalaxyl-m, oxathiapiprolin, fluopicolide, phosphites, and a biological control agent Bacillus subtilis. The EC50 values (the fungicide concentration inhibiting mycelial growth of the pathogen by 50% relative to the 0 μg mL-1 control) for two strains (PE9913; metalaxyl-m sensitive and PE1204; metalaxyl-m resistant) of P. erythroseptica exposed to metalaxyl-m, oxathiapiprolin, fluopicolide, and phosphites were determined using an amended agar assay. The EC50 values were 0.057 and 842.41 ppm, respectively, for the metalaxyl-m sensitive and metalaxyl-m resistant isolates grown on metalaxyl-m amended media. The EC50 values of the metalaxyl-m sensitive and metalaxyl-m resistant isolates exposed to oxathiapiprolin, fluopicolide, or phosphite were <0.0001 ppm, 0.064 to 0.128, and 112.0 to 147.6 ppm, respectively. Field trials were established from 2014 to 2016 to evaluate the fungicides for their efficacy in managing pink rot in the field. Significant control of pink rot was achieved by in-furrow treatments of oxathiapiprolin or fluopicolide, or phosphites applied foliarly. Some pink rot suppression was achieved following application of Bacillus subtilis, but of significantly smaller degree than provided by the other products. Storage trials were established in 2016 and 2017 to assess the capacity of these fungicides to inhibit P. erythroseptica infection of tubers inoculated with zoospores prior to storage. Significant control of pink rot was achieved with treatments of oxathiapiprolin, fluopicolide, phosphites, and to lesser extent Bacillus subtilis under storage conditions. The results of this study show that metalaxyl-m resistant populations of P. erythroseptica are increasing in frequency in Canadian potato-producing regions. However, management of these populations can be achieved with use of currently registered and experimental products in production settings.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».