Soft pneumatic actuator for lower limb rehabilitation: Development and its efficacy in reducing muscle stiffness and pain / Hanisah Bakeri
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Lower limb injuries have been identified as a significant contributor to the occurrence of time lost during both physical training and daily activities. In recent years, pneumatic compression therapy has emerged as a viable alternative for managing patients who exhibit resistance to conventional compression methods. The conventional compression method exhibits limitations in consistent pressure distribution and adaptability. Recognizing these challenges, this study explores the integration of soft pneumatic actuators (SPAs) in compression therapy to enhance precision and dynamic adaptability, offering a promising alternative for improved treatment outcomes. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential application of soft pneumatic actuators (SPA) in the context of rehabilitation therapy for musculoskeletal ailments. The primary objective of this study is to analyze various aspects related to SPA including their design, material selection, fabrication, and design testing. Additionally, the research aims to experimentally validate the efficacy of lower limb rehabilitation compression therapy in reducing muscle stiffness among healthy individuals. Furthermore, ongoing investigations in the field of compression therapy predominantly focus on the advancement of soft pneumatic actuators tailored to various applications. However, there remains a dearth of definitive findings pertaining to the advantages of compression therapy in alleviating muscle fatigue. Therefore, a SPA chamber with two elastomeric layers was developed for this study, with single-side inflation using food-grade silicone. The 3D deformation profiles of the SPA chamber using three different elastomeric rubbers were analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). The best SPA-compliant behavior was displayed by food-grade silicone A10 Shore with a maximum deformation value of 25.34 mm. Next, the SPA chamber was fabricated using A10 Shore food-grade silicone and experimentally validated. A total of 30 healthy male subjects were recruited and underwent a fatigue induction exercise. Muscle stiffness was assessed at four distinct time points in both the intervention group, which received SPA, and the control group, which did not receive SPA. The compression pressure in respect to calf circumference was measured, and both the maximum and average values were recorded. The findings suggest that the SPA system demonstrates effective pressure transmission on the skin within the pressure range of 20-160 mmHg for healthy male subjects. A positive linear trend between pressure variation and calf circumference was found. The mean muscle stiffness for the intervention group exhibited a reduction from an initial value of 496.26 ± 24.70 Nm-2 to a subsequent value of 382.30 ± 19.72 Nm-2 immediately following the application of pneumatic compression. This decrement corresponds to a percentage reduction of 22.96%, with p-value of 0.0001. There was no statistically significant difference seen between the pre-treatment and post-treatment measurements in the control group, with a p-value of 0.3500. The results of the study showed that the short form McGill pain questionnaire (SF-MPG) of the intervention group had a statistically significant impact on the pain index following a 30-minute treatment with SPA. The study demonstrates that the proposed SPA system is capable of reducing muscle stiffness and delivering the desirable pressure for treating musculoskeletal injuries, thereby aiding in the acceleration of recovery.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».