HIGH DEOXYNIVALENOL AND ERGOT ALKALOID LEVELS IN WHEAT GRAIN AND THEIR EFFECTS ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, RUMEN PARAMETERS, AND HEALTH STATUS OF FEEDLOT CATTLE
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The objective of this study was to assess the impacts of a mixture of deoxynivalenol (DON) and ergot alkaloids (EA) in a wheat-based finishing diet on rumen function, blood parameters, incidence of liver abscesses, growth performance, and carcass traits of feedlot cattle. Forty Angus crossbred beef steers (450 ± 6.0 kg; 8 ruminally cannulated) were blocked by body weight and randomly, allocated to 1 of 4 treatments; control-low (CON-L; 0 mg/kg), control-high (CON-H: 0 mg/kg), mycotoxin-low (MYC-L; 5.0 mg/kg DON, 2.1 mg/kg EA), and mycotoxin-high (MYC-H: 10 mg/kg DON, 4.1 mg/kg EA) and housed in individual pens over a 112 d finishing trial. Wheat screenings were added to the CON diets to ensure a chemical composition profile that was like the mycotoxin diets (CON-L had 31% and CON-H had 63% of the diet as wheat screenings on a DM basis). Diets (DM basis) consisted of 83% wheat-based concentrate, 12% barley silage, and 5% supplement. Ruminal and blood samples were collected at the beginning of the trial, and every 28 days thereafter, and ruminal pH was measured for 7 d using indwelling loggers by inserting a week before sampling for each period. Data collected was analyzed using SAS software. Total volatile fatty acid concentration was lower (P = 0.03) for MYC steers as compared to CON steers. The CON steers experienced a longer duration with ruminal pH < 5.2 as compared to MYC steers, as well as higher (P < 0.001) AUC (pH × min and pH × min/kg DM) for both pH <6.0 and <5.6. Platelet count was lower for MYC steers (P < 0.001), as were liver parameters including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), globulin, and blood urea nitrogen concentration (P ≤ 0.008); whereas the A:G (albumin:globulin ratio) was higher (P < 0.001) when compared to CON steers. Lymphocyte count and glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx) were elevated (P ≤ 0.003) in MYC steers when compared to CON steers. Intake of DM, starch, CP, NDF, and ADF were lower (P < 0.001) for MYC steers compared to the CON steers. Despite a lower intake, DM, crude protein (CP), and starch digestibility were higher (P ≤ 0.002) in MYC steers when compared to CON steers. Final body weight, ADG, G:F, and NEg were lower (P < 0.001) for MYC steers than CON steers. Hot carcass weight and backfat thickness were also lower (P < 0.001) in MYC steers, but saleable and lean meat yield were greater (P ≤ 0.007) compared to CON steers. The incidence of liver abscesses was not affected by the inclusion of mycotoxins in the diet. Results suggest that a mixture of mycotoxins impacted the immune status, growth performance, and carcass traits of feedlot steers, even at limits currently deemed safe (MYC-L) by the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA). Therefore, CFIA guidelines may require further review to include additional recommendations for mycotoxin mixtures, particularly when a mixture of DON and EA is present in the diet.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».