Characterization of novel ligand-gated chloride channel subunits from «Haemonchus contortus»
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Ligand-gated chloride channels (LGCCs) are key components that form the inhibitory neurotransmission system in animals.Nematodes possess LGCCs that are gated by unique ligands such glutamate, serotonin and acetylcholine.Higher living forms such as mammals are not known to possess similar receptors.Hence nematodes can be deemed to comprise a phylum with a divergent inhibitory neurotransmission system.Based on this premise, the current project aimed to better understand the inhibitory nervous system of the parasitic nematode, Haemonchus contortus through the characterization of novelLGCC subunits and the localization of relevant ligands believed to function as inhibitory neurotransmitters.The first novel LGCC subunit gene to be isolated was named Hco- GGR-3 (previously named as HcGGR3). Electrophysiological analyses of this subunit inXenopus laevis oocytes revealed the homomeric assembly of the channel which was predominately gated by dopamine (DA).Immuno-staining of H. contortus adult worms using antibodies raised against a peptide exclusive to Hco-GGR-3 showed that this subunit localized to deirid (cervical papilla) socket and sheath cells.Gender specific differences in localization of this subunit were also observed.In addition, a single nucleotide polymorphism located in the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of Hco-ggr-3 was found to be associated with the selection for resistance towards macrocyclic lactones (MLs) -moxidectin (MOF) and ivermectin (IVM) in H. contortus.A second amine-gated chloride channel gene called Hco-lgc-55 was also isolated.Electrophysiology of this subunit revealed that this channel was gated mainly by tyramine (TA) [EC 50 5.8 1.0 M (n=5)] and a lesser extent by dopamine (DA) and octopamine (OA).Semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (SqRT-PCR) showed the presence of mRNA for Hco-lgc-55 in all the life-cycle stages of the parasite.A detailed examination of the localization and characterization of dopamine (DA) and serotonin [5-hydroxy tryptamine (5-HT)], two key neurotransmitters that have been shown to be ligands for LGCCs, was also performed.5-HT was found mainly in the amphidial and pharyngeal neurons in both sexes; in males, neurons located in the bursa as well as in a few cell bodies of the ventral cord possessed 5-HT.DA was detected in the neuronal commissures restricted to the mid body region on the lateral sides, in both the sexes.Furthermore, an experiment where female adult worms were exposed to exogenously III supplied DA, 5-HT or TA revealed that each molecule had an effect on worm movement.However, the most profound effect was seen in the case of DA, which paralyzed the mid body of the worm.These studies provide novel information on unique LGICs and the role of novel LGIC ligands in an important parasitic nematode.I would like to thank my supervisors Drs.Sean Forrester and Roger Prichard for providing me the opportunity to perform research in their labs.I am grateful to both of them for their
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».