Recovery of Volatile Aroma Compounds by Membranes
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This research investigates the potential application of poly(ether block amide) (PEBA) membranes for the separation of volatile aroma compounds from wine and the effect of non-volatile components on the separation performance using the pervaporation process. \nThe study examined the selective retrieval of two aroma compounds (4-ethyl guaiacol and 4-ethyl phenol) from binary dilute aqueous solutions through pervaporation utilizing the PEBA 2533 membrane. It was observed that this membrane effectively recovers hydrophobic aroma compounds. The influence of feed concentration and temperature on aroma recovery was also analyzed. The performance of PEBA 2533 for aroma recovery was assessed, and experimental data were analyzed using a batch pervaporation model. \nIt was discovered that both the flux of aroma compounds and their selectivity were notably influenced by the concentration of aroma compounds in the feed. The permeation flux and their selectivity in separating the volatile aroma compound in a binary solution followed the sequence of 4-ethyl phenol > 4-ethyl guaiacol, showing an inverse relationship with their molecular size. Generally, the permeation flux of aroma was found to be directly proportional to the concentration of aroma compounds in the solution within the tested concentration range (10-110 ppm). The impact of temperature on permeation flux followed an Arrhenius-type relationship and 4-EG with larger molecular size showed higher apparent activation energy than 4-EP and water. \nIt was observed that the recovery of 4-Ethyl guaiacol from its dilute aqueous solution was affected by non-volatile wine components (sugar, yeast, and salt) and alcohol. Specifically, the presence of glucose as a model sugar and NaCl as a model salt in the feed solution did not notably affect the pervaporative performance of 4-EG, maybe because of their low contents in the feed mixture and low interactions with aroma. The addition of agar initially increased the permeate flux of 4-EG due to its insolubility and ability to absorb water molecules, boosting the concentration of 4-EG and enhancing the driving force. However, at higher agar concentrations, precipitation formed a thick layer of swollen agar in the tank, trapping 4-EG molecules and reducing their concentration in the solution. This led to a peak flux followed by a decline, reaching a maximum turning point at a specific agar concentration. Finally, the presence of ethanol as a model alcohol in the binary solution of 4-ethyl guaiacol was found to significantly reduce the permeation of 4-ethyl guaiacol. However, the total flux of the mixture considerably increased. The presence of ethanol affected the partitioning and activity coefficients of the components in the mixture as well as membrane swelling and plasticization, which ultimately affected the solubility and diffusivity properties of the membrane.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».