Towards the creation of a valid, simplified and systematic method to identify and measure the social impacts of international construction projects on the local communities in different geographical contexts
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
New opportunities are arising for contractors interested in contributing not only to the economic and environmental pillars of sustainability but also to society. Integrating social sustainability practices early in the tender and execution phases of their projects denote a competitive advantage for contractors. Contractors that recognize the main social issues of the host countries early during the tendering phase, not only create economic and reputational benefits for the clients, but also are more likely to contribute to the achievement of the SDGs in each nation. Likewise, when a social impact measurement system is in place along the project execution, contractors can enhance trust with the local communities and thus maximize the possibilities to obtain and maintain a social license to operate. This research consisted of two main parts. The first part aimed to create a simplified, valid and systematic method for contractors to identify and measure the social impacts of their projects applicable in different geographical contexts; the second part was its applicability on a pilot case study. For the first part, seven recognized methods of (social) impact measurement were analyzed and synthesized to create the core of the proposed method. The method builds upon the ‘consensus’ of the main social sustainability issues acknowledged in academic literature and international agreements of organization endorsed by the United Nations. These issues refer to the business responsibility to respect human rights, ensure proper working conditions, and to engage with the local communities through different initiatives. Concerning the second part, the method was tested in a marine project located in Canada. Because the project is in its pre-execution phase, and due to different limitations encountered during the data collection process, the method was partially applied. Thus, the last two stages of the proposed method were not included in the study. As a result, the main social concerns of both, the local communities and the companies involved in the project were identified, baseline information was collected from secondary sources and indicators to monitor the impacts during the execution phase were proposed. Measuring the social impacts of construction projects remains challenging. This pilot case study evidenced that remote surveys are not an adequate method to collect empirical information in social impact studies because of risks of miscommunication. Data collection processes must be better addressed in guidance documents that aim to help companies to conduct a social impact study and in practice.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,158 | 0,187 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,014 | 0,009 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,009 |
| Communication savante | 0,014 | 0,011 |
| Science ouverte | 0,004 | 0,008 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».