Agricultural land use impacts\non cool-spring flora and fauna, with an emphasis on freshwater invertebrate diversity and\nphenology in spring pools of eastern Prince Edward Island (Canada)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Freshwater springs are focused discharge points from groundwater to surface water\nenvironments. Cool springs have consistent temperatures close to the mean annual\ntemperature for the region and chemical composition that can vary with land use and local\ngeology. Animal taxa inhabiting these springs must be able to tolerate nearly constant cool\ntemperatures (<10oC), so springs usually have lower numbers of species than reported in\nnearby surface waters. Agricultural activities adjacent to springs add nutrients to\ngroundwater, and alter benthic sediment structure and adjacent riparian areas, all factors that\naffect populations of freshwater plants and invertebrates. High nutrients should increase\ninvertebrate abundance, but habitat alterations such as sediment addition may depress\nabundance. Increased food availability can also affect growth and life history patterns such as\ninsect emergence timing, which can be disrupted in cool springs due to lack of temperature\ncues to synchronize development. Agricultural impacts on springs were examined by\ncomparing water quality and invertebrate community structure in rheo-limnocrene springs in\nforested and agricultural areas in Prince Edward Island, Canada. Twenty springs (10\nsurrounded by agricultural land and 10 forested) were monitored for water quality and nine\nof these (five agricultural and 4 forested) were further examined to explore invertebrate and\naquatic plant patterns. Agricultural sites had open canopies, high nitrogen and sulphur levels,\nhigh amounts of fine sediment, and plant cover dominated by vascular plants. Forested sites\nhad closed canopies, low nutrient levels, clean gravel substrates, and plant cover dominated\nby bryophytes. Invertebrate diversity and abundance were highest in forested springs and\ncommunity structure differed between land-use types. Midges (Chironomidae) dominated the\nmacroinvertebrate community in all sites, but several midge and mite (Hydrachnidiae) genera were most abundant in forested sites. Mayflies (Ephemeroptera) were very rare in the\nsprings, but stoneflies (Plecoptera) and caddisflies (Trichoptera) were most abundant and\ndiverse in agricultural sites. Emergence timing was compared between agricultural and\nforested sites for the stoneflies, and although most showed the asynchronous emergence\nperiods expected for constant temperature sites, at least two species began to emerge earlier\nin agricultural sites than forested ones. Reduction of the riparian canopy leading to increased\nlight levels from open cover was a better predictor of plant and invertebrate species\nassemblages than either nutrients or sediment patterns in agriculturally impacted springs; the\nhigher light levels increased the presence and cover of vascular vegetation which altered the\noverall invertebrate community.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».