The Health Consequences of Persistent Overqualification Among Immigrants in Canada
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Canada’s immigration system prioritizes the admission of highly educated immigrants. Notwithstanding, skilled immigrants often struggle to integrate into the labour force. A considerable body of evidence shows that immigrants are more likely to be overqualified for their jobs compared to their non-immigrant counterparts. The over-representation of immigrants among the overqualified is problematic, as overqualification is associated with poor mental health. Moreover, cross-sectional research suggests that the negative mental health impact of overqualification might be more severe for immigrants than non-immigrants. This study seeks to further investigate the relationship between well-being, overqualification, and immigration status using longitudinal methods. \n \nMethods: This study used data from the Longitudinal and International Study of Adults (LISA), which is a nationally representative survey administered by Statistics Canada. Linear mixed models were used to analyze the affect of overqualification on mental health and life satisfaction trajectories. Mental health was measured via the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale and life satisfaction was measured via a face-valid, one-item measure. To assess if overqualification and well-being (i.e., mental health and life satisfaction) is moderated by immigration status, a three-way interaction term was included in the model. Post-estimation analyses were conducted to unpack significant interaction effects. \n \nResults: Both overqualified immigrants and non-immigrants experienced a significant rise in psychological distress over a four-year period. The negative psychological impact of overqualification was comparable between immigrant and non-immigrant groups. In general, psychological distress scores did not rise above clinically meaningful levels. With respect to life satisfaction, overqualified immigrants experienced an increase over time, whereas overqualified non-immigrants did not. \n \nConclusion: Overqualification is perceived as an unpleasant experience by both immigrants and non-immigrants alike. Further research investigating longer time trends are necessary to form further conclusions about the relationship between overqualification and mental health. The rise in life satisfaction among overqualified immigrants is similar to findings from past research. Although speculation, such an increase in well-being may be attributable to response shift. Response shift refers to a change in how individuals appraise their satisfaction with life. Life satisfaction may increase among overqualified individuals when other life-domains such as family and relationships become more emphasized or valued over career-related achievements.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,005 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».