Synthesis and Process Engineering of Poly(glycerol-co-diacids) for Thermoplastic Materials Development
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Biobased polymeric materials, obtained from renewable biomass resources, are seen as a platform which could enable the transition to a more environmentally sustainable economy, by gradually replacing fossil based counterparts. In this context, this thesis investigated the synthesis and usage of a biobased polymeric material, poly(glycerol succinate) (PGS) and its copolyesters, in thermoplastic blend materials synthesis and processing. Upgrading glycerol usage by its value added application in synthesis of materials as proposed in this thesis work is considered as a key step towards enabling oleaginous biomass biorefinery sustainable growth. To compensate for the low stiffness and high toughness of the synthesized polyesters, industrially relevant melt blending techniques were used and the synthesized poly(glycerol succinate) polyesters were melt blended with commercially available biobased thermoplastics poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS). The melt blending of these three polymeric materials allowed to achieve thermoplastic blend materials displaying tensile properties and notched Izod impact resistance comparable to petroleum based poly(propylene) and its copolymers. In a first section, synthesis conditions for the polycondensation of glycerol and succinic acid were screened, aiming to produce a toughness increase in PLA by melt blending with PGS. Incorporation of maleic anhydride as comonomer for the synthesis was employed as a tool for the reactive extrusion of PLA and poly(glycerol succinate-co-maleate) (PGSMA) in presence of free radical initiators, which favored the toughening of PLA by addition of PGSMA. In a second section, the reactive extrusion of PLA and PGSMA was investigated and the role of the grafting and crosslinking reactions occurring in the extrusion process was studied. In a third section, the incorporation of PBS to the blend system was evaluated. The addition of PBS allowed for the creation of biobased ternary blend materials with notched Izod impact resistance higher than 100 J/m, while maintaining tensile strength and modulus on the range of 20 – 30 MPa and 1 – 1.9 GPa, respectively. Linear regression models constructed accurately predicted a range of blend compositions were tensile properties and notched Izod impact resistance of the biobased PGSMA/PLA/PBS blend formulated was comparable to petroleum based poly(propylene) and its copolymers.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».