Development of Novel High Temperature Mixed Matrix Membranes (MMMs) for Oil Sands Wastewater Treatment
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
While oil sands production plays a significant role in Canada’s economy, the rise in oil sands production leads to increasing water abstraction and pollution. Effective treatment and reuse of oilsands process-affected water (OSPW) can be considered a strategical solution to addressing these issues. Membrane technology is a promising option for OSPW treatment due to its high removal efficiency, small footprint, facile operation, installation and scaleup. Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) prepared by mixing super-hydrophilic zwitterionic materials and inorganic nanoparticles into the host membrane are anticipated as a next membrane generation for OSPW treatment by achieving multi-functionalities beyond excellent fouling resistance, such as, improved water permeability, selectivity and mechanical strength. Reproducibility and feasibility for large-scale industrial applications are major challenges in the production of MMMs for OSPW treatment. There remain difficulties in adopting lab-scale membranes into industrial practice, along with ensuring their efficiency, stability and durability. This study aims to provide new insight on the performance, and stability of MMMs, outlooking to the commercialization prospect of MMMs. Molecular dynamics simulation (MDS) will be employed to provide in-depth information about complex atomic interactions between the membrane and the additives used, thus allow better understanding about structural and physical properties of MMMs in relation to their performance, fouling, and stability. \nThis thesis examined three major classes of zwitterionic material including carboxybetaine (CB), phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sulfobetaine (SB) for the modification of poly (vinylidene fluoride) PVDF membrane. Based on simulated data, PC is the most preferable zwitterion that leads to a more stable and hydrophilic mixed matrix membrane with enhanced oil-antifouling capacity. In addition, the chemistry and structural properties of zwitterionic material in relation to the performance of resultant modified membrane were investigated. In total 12 different zwitterionic structures with different polymer backbone (PB), spacer length (SL) and spacer chemistry (SC) were examined and compared. The results suggest that all PB, SL and SC influence the resultant MMM performance with SL the most impactful structural parameter on MMM stability and hydrophilicity. Long SL was demonstrated to reduce the ionic association of charged groups and increase their partial charges, thus promote higher inter-molecular interactions, resulting in well-connected polymer network. Moreover, the performance of modified membrane was examined at high temperatures (i.e., 25, 50, 70 and 90oC). Overall, high temperatures seemed to reduce the stability of modified membrane but to a smaller extent as compared to pristine PVDF membrane. Although the membrane hydrophilicity was greatly altered at high temperatures, no considerable impacts on MMM’s oil-antifouling capacity was observed. While the research outcomes can provide valuable knowledge for the design and development of high-quality membranes with the required characteristics for OSPW treatment applications, experimental studies are needed to validate the simulated data presented.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».