Structural performance of precast concrete tunnel lining segments reinforced with GFRP bars under bending load
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract: In underground tunnels made using tunnel boring machine (TBM), the lining is constituted of precast concrete tunnel linings (PCTL) segments. Such PCTL are subjected to corrosive environment especially where they are exposed to wastewater or aggressive soil. Rehabilitation or renovation of corroded reinforced concrete (RC) tunnel segments is accompanied by problems such as very high cost, difficulty and serviceability interruption. An alternative approach to deal with corrosion problem in conventional RC tunnel segments is the use of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars as a substitution of conventional steel reinforcement. Application of GFRP bars in tunnel segments requires a comprehensive research program for experimental, and analytical investigation of GFRP-reinforced PCTL segments. In this project, novel PCTL segments were tested under three-point bending load. Different parameters of longitudinal reinforcement ratio, size and spacing, configuration of transverse reinforcement (closed stirrups and U-shape stirrups) and type of concrete (normal-strength, high-strength and fiber-reinforced concretes) were considered in the experimental program. In order to achieve the objectives of the experimental phase, a total of 12 full-scale tunnel segments were tested. The segments had parallelogram shape with the arc length of 3100 mm, width of 1500 mm and thickness of 250 mm. The experimental results were evaluated through cracking behavior, failure mechanism, load carrying capacity, serviceability, load-deflection behavior, strain analysis, ductility, and deformability. The experimental program was followed by analytical investigation to evaluate existing models and propose new models to predict flexural strength, shear strength, crack width, deflection and interaction diagrams. In addition, newly developed models were provided to consider the effect of curvilinear shape of a segment on its flexural and shear strength. According to the test results, GFRP-reinforced PCTL segments showed satisfactory failure mechanism, cracking behavior, deflection behavior, and deformability. The structural performance can be further improved by using high strength concrete and fiber-reinforced concrete. Increasing the reinforcement ratio improved the post-cracking stiffness, cracking behavior, flexural strength, and shear strength while changing the mode in some cases. The overall structural performance of GFRP-reinforced PCTL segments with closed ties and U-shaped ties was similar. Finally, the developed analytical models showed a good agreement with the experimental results.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».