Epidemiology of orthopaedic conditions in companion animals with emphasis on cranial cruciate ligament disease
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Lameness caused by orthopaedic disease is an important reason for owners to take their dog or cat to the veterinarian. Many diagnoses, such as cranial cruciate ligament disease (CCLD), considered the most common cause of hindlimb lameness in dogs, usually require expensive and complicated surgical interventions. Information regarding risk factors and treatment methods influencing disease outcome is consequently relevant for both pet owners and veterinarians. Although various studies had assessed the pathophysiology, epidemiology and treatment outcome of CCLD in dogs when this thesis was initiated, knowledge about inherent risk factors for development of the disease was limited. Moreover, there was a paucity of information regarding breed susceptibility for orthopaedic diseases in Norway and Sweden, and the scientific literature concerning CCLD in cats was sparse. \nThe overall aim of this thesis was to expand the understanding of orthopaedic diseases in dogs and cats, in particular related to breed susceptibility and risk factors with a potential influence on the prognosis of CCLD. To reach this aim, retrospective data from medical records at two university animal hospitals, the Norwegian University of Life Sciences and the Swedish University of Agricultural Science, were utilised, in addition to owner questionnaires and data from the national pet ID-registers. \nFirstly, a case-control study was performed to estimate breed susceptibility for common surgically treated orthopaedic conditions in popular Norwegian and Swedish dog breeds. The Labrador retriever, Rottweiler, German shepherd dog and Staffordshire bull terrier were identified to have increased risk of elbow dysplasia compared to mixed breed dogs. Susceptibility for CCLD was found for the Rottweiler, but not the Labrador retriever, although this breed has commonly been regarded as predisposed. The Chihuahua was the only breed with increased risk of medial patellar luxation. \nIn the second study, characteristics and long-term outcome of CCLD were described in a cohort of 50 cats followed for a median of 41 months. According to a standardised quality of life questionnaire, the conservatively treated cats experienced less chronic pain at longterm follow-up compared to cats surgically treated with the lateral fabellotibial suture technique. \nFinally, survival analysis was used to assess long-term outcome after CCLD treatment in dogs. Cranial cruciate ligament disease was a contributing cause to the decision of euthanasia in 18.3% of the 333 dogs included. Both treatment strategy, age, weight and orthopaedic comorbidities were identified as risk factors for CCLD-related euthanasia in the final multivariable Cox proportional hazard model. Dogs surgically treated by osteotomy techniques had a lower hazard of CCLD-related euthanasia compared to dogs receiving conservative treatment. \nAltogether, this thesis elucidates central aspects of orthopaedic diseases in dogs and cats. However, it is important to acknowledge the uncertainty of the results; causality cannot be inferred with complete certainty. Such ambiguity is typical for retrospective studies, emphasising the urgent need for well-designed prospective studies within the field of veterinary orthopaedic research.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».