The role of GPNMB in breast tumor progression
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer and the second leading cause of cancer related deaths among Canadian women. Development of distant metastases is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality from this disease. Breast cancer is a highly heterogeneous disease that is amenable to intervention with targeted therapeutics; however, therapies that are currently available have limited efficacy in the metastatic setting. To identify novel molecular mediators of breast cancer bone metastasis that might also serve as therapeutic targets, we subjected 4T1 mammary carcinoma cells to in vivo selection in Balb/c mice and isolated sub-populations with an aggressively bone-metastatic phenotype. Gene expression profiling of these cells revealed Glycoprotein NMB (GPNMB), also known as Osteoactivin, as a gene that was highly expressed in bone metastatic breast cancer cells. GPNMB is a type I transmembrane, cell surface expressed protein with an extracellular RGD and PKD domains and a cytoplasmic hemITAM signaling motif that had not previously been implicated in breast cancer. We demonstrate that ectopic GPNMB expression was sufficient to promote migration and invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro and the formation of bone metastases in vivo.Subsequently, we analyzed GPNMB mRNA and protein expression levels in hundreds of breast tumors and found that GPNMB expression positively correlates with increased risk of metastasis and shorter overall survival times. We have also demonstrated that GPNMB is most commonly expressed in breast tumors belonging to the triple negative subtype, for which there are no targeted therapies currently available. We showed for the first time that CDX-011, a GPNMB-targeted monoclonal antibody-drug conjugate, was capable of killing GPNMB-expressing breast cancer cells in vitro and inducing tumor regression in vivo. Finally, we investigated the effects of GPNMB on primary tumor progression and found that it inhibits tumor cell apoptosis while enhancing angiogenesis and tumor growth in vivo. We demonstrate that the extracellular domain (ECD) of GPNMB can be proteolytically cleaved and shed from the surface of breast cancer cells, which is mediated by ADAM10. We postulated that the shed extracellular domain (ECD) of GPNMB might be responsible for some of its pro-angiogenic effects and showed that this ECD was indeed capable of inducing endothelial cell migration in vitro.The body of work described in this thesis is the first to identify GPNMB as a functional mediator of breast cancer growth and metastasis and to validate it as an important clinical target in human breast cancer.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».