Click of loan moratorium in Malaysia / Fauziah Mohamad Yunus and Anita Abu Hassan
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought over severe health and economic crisis. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), this illness will affect the lower respiratory tract that include windpipe and lungs, as well as the upper respiratory tract involving sinuses, nose, and throat. Fever, coughing, and shortness of breath are a few of the warning signs and symptoms of COVID-19. Infection can lead to pneumonia, severe acute respiratory syndrome, and, in the worst case, death. Lockdowns have been implemented in numerous nations, including Malaysia as the best alternative to stop the spread of this deathly virus. Both the financial condition of the businesses and the individual bank borrowers had been affected by this lockdown measure. Many Malaysians are losing their jobs, going on unpaid leave, or having their salaries deducted, and many small and medium enterprises are going out of business. In easing the financial burden of the Malaysian, starting in April 2020, Bank Negara Malaysia has announced a six-month automatic moratorium on all bank loans to help borrowers who suffer temporary financial difficulties. Malaysia, according to Finance Minister Tengku Datuk Seri Zafrul Tengku Abdul Aziz, is the only government that has automatically extended a loan moratorium to all debtors. Individual and business borrowers can benefit from the deferment package to postpone loan payments during the moratorium period. Except for credit card bills, the postponement includes conventional and Islamic financing repayment obligations such as housing loans and hire purchase loans. As such, no legal action will be taken against the borrowers and they are exempted from making monthly payments on hire purchase and home loans throughout the six months period beginning in April 2020. According to Mehta and Kaul (2020), moratoriums are not a new notion in the Indian banking sector, having been granted on multiple occasions previously. Debt or foreclosure moratoriums have also been implemented in nations such as the United State of America, Canada, Greece, Italy, the United Kingdom, Singapore, Thailand, Indonesia, and the Philippines (Bedi & Tan, 2020). Meanwhile, after the 2008 housing crisis, Japan offered a moratorium for SMEs, but the repercussions of the protracted moratorium period were mostly unfavourable, and the scheme giving the moratorium was widely regarded as a failure. The idea of a moratorium continues to be unclear to many individuals. The loan moratorium just delays payments at which it does not waive the borrower's obligation to pay interest to the bank. The benefits of a moratorium are obtained when it allows borrowers to plan their repayment strategy without stress, and the moratorium period does not affect an individual’s ability to borrow, as it has no negative effects on the borrower’s credit score. Unfortunately, the moratorium will give some difficulties to the borrowers, as they will be charged accumulated interest on deferred payments, which includes any outstanding principal and interest. The implementation of loan moratorium automatically leads to a longer loan tenures. To be clear, this is only a delayed payment instalment by customers to banks without any charges.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,012 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».