Centre of excellence for structural full-scale testing 2015
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
For many years, some in the aerospace industry believed that analysis and modeling would eventually replace testing, including: coupons with joints and design details, sub-components and components, and Structural Full-Scale Tests (SFST). As the aeronautical industry entered the composite materials and hybrid structures era, best illustrated by the development of all composite fuselage aircraft, there was also an additional expectation that much qualification and certification could be achieved by modeling and simulation. Though analyses and analytical modeling can help define the requirements and procedures for testing these composite/hybrid structures; however, due to the complexity of understanding and predicting their performance during all service conditions, modeling and simulation are not mature enough to entirely replace testing itself. Certification agencies throughout the globe still view testing as the gold standard for proof of structural compliance as outlined in existing regulations [1] to [6]. As a result, the demand for testing has never been stronger. Static, Fatigue and Residual Strength tests are and will continue to be performed to support certification of aircraft by Airworthiness Authorities. Furthermore, in several cases, in addition to certification testing, proof of concept and life extension tests are also being carried out by Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs). OEMs have found that they cannot avoid structural full-scale testing, even for legacy aircraft. Certification is viewed as a strategic capability by the major OEMs. Most of these, such as Embraer, Boeing, Lockheed and Gulfstream, continue to perform their structural tests in-house. Airbus on the other hand, has outsourced most, if not all, its structural full-scale testing to specialized firms in Europe, such as IABG, IMA and DGA. More recently Bombardier has initiated a similar approach to that of Airbus. Other than OEMs, there are few facilities in North America that can provide the entire range of testing services including flight testing, spectrum derivation, instrumentation and certification testing, complete with state-of-the-art nondestructive evaluation (NDE). NRC, in collaboration with its partners, is planning to expand its SFST capabilities in the near future with its Centre of Excellence (CoE) to accommodate the increase in demand for Life Extension structural testing, typically for military applications [7], Proof of Concept demonstration testing and Certification testing with OEMs. At the same time NRC (National Research Council) is committed to improving testing technologies. Efforts are being undertaken to offer clients the opportunity to perform a wider range of tests, better, faster and at lower cost.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,014 | 0,012 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,006 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,005 | 0,007 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,005 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,243 | 0,245 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».