EFFECT OF MILK PROTEIN, SODIUM CHLORIDE, AND POTASSIUM CITRATE ON ACUTE URINARY CALCIUM EXCRETION IN CHILDREN
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Studies using adult human subjects indicate that dietary protein and sodium chloride can have a negative impact on the retention of calcium by increasing urinary calcium excretion. Conversely, alkaline potassium can improve calcium retention by decreasing urinary calcium losses. Childhood is an important time for bone growth, however, the effect of these dietary factors on calcium metabolism in children has not been addressed. This study investigated the effects of oral potassium citrate (K-citrate), sodium chloride (NaCl), and milk protein on short-term urinary calcium excretion in 6-10 year old girls. Subjects provided a fasting urine sample then consumed a base meal and one of five supplements: 8.6 g protein (MP); 8.6 g protein + 25.7 mmol sodium chloride (MP+Na); 25.6 g protein (HP); 25.6 g protein + 25.7 mmol sodium chloride (HP+Na); or 25.6 g protein + 10.8 mmol tri-potassium citrate (HP+K). Urine was collected at 1.5 and 3.0 hours after the meal. Fourteen healthy Caucasian girls ages 6.7-10.0 years old completed all treatments, with at least 48 hours between each test. Supplemental protein was 80% casein and 20% lactalbumin, to simulate cow's milk protein, and contained 0.2 mmol phosphorus per gram. Results were statistically analyzed by Repeated Measures ANOVA and Student-Newman-Keels test. Urinary calcium excretion rose after the meal, peaking at 1.5 hours after all treatments. There were no significant differences in calcium excretion between treatments at any time point. HP, which did not increase urinary calcium excretion compared to MP, also did not result in an increase in either net acid or sulfate excretion at 1.5 hours. Dietary sodium chloride had no effect on urinary sodium or calcium excretion over the three hours. However, fasting calcium excretion (mmol/mmol creatinine) was correlated with fasting sodium excretion (mmol/mmol creatinine) (r=0.53, p<0.001) for the 70 fasting samples collected during the study. Urinary potassium excretion was increased at 1.5 and 3 hours with HP+K (p<0.001). Also, at 1.5 hours after the HP+K treatment, sodium and phosphate excretion were increased (p≤0.002) and net acid excretion was decreased (p<0.001). The results of this study indicate that in children, a simultaneous increase in protein and phosphorus due to increased milk protein intake does not increase acute urinary calcium excretion. There was no effect of a sodium chloride load on urinary calcium excretion seen within the short time-frame of this model. These findings are similar to those of adult studies conducted in the same laboratory using a similar format and treatments. To study the effect of dietary sodium chloride on urinary calcium excretion, longer time periods are necessary. The observation that potassium citrate is not hypocalciuric in children differs from that for adults, who show a decrease in urinary calcium excretion in response to a load of alkaline potassium. The physiological responses of children to dietary factors are not necessarily the same as those of adults. Further research needs to be conducted to determine appropriate dietary recommendations which maximize bone mass in children.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».