Foiba: Genealogy of an Untranslatable Word
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
After the Fascist regime collapsed on 5 July 1943, the new Italian Government signed an armistice on 8 September 1943. Soon the Italian Eastern-Adriatic territories became a battlefield between the Nazis and the Yugoslav Partisans led by marshal Josip Broz “Tito”. During the advance of the Yugoslav Partisans, fierce retaliations against the Italian population were carried out. What in the beginning appeared as a spontaneous form of revenge against those Italians linked to the Fascist regime, soon revealed itself to be a wider political strategy of the leaders of the Yugoslav Partisans to eliminate the Italian presence in the territories that were being taken over by Tito.\nOn 10 February 1947, in Paris, a treaty was signed among the winners of WWII and Italy: Italy had to cede most of Istria, including the provinces of Fiume (Rijeka), Zara (Zadar), and most of Gorizia and Pola (Pula) to Yugoslavia. These events led to one of the most important diasporas of the XX Century in the Mediterranean, and, at the same time, to one of the most understudied and untold stories. Almost 350.000 people left their home crossing the Mediterranean to reach various Regions of Italy and countries such as Australia, U.S.A, Canada, Argentina and South Africa.\nDue to many factors, this dramatic history of persecution rapidly was forced into a spiral of silence that left this part of history almost totally unstudied for decades. Starting in 2004, a new political effort was made in Italy to break this “discourse of silence”. This new political phase was driven by the re-emergence and use of the word-concept “foiba”. The “foiba” is a type of deep natural sinkhole widely spread over the Venezia-Giulia region. These sinkholes became dramatically famous because they were used by the Yugoslav Communists to hide the bodies of thousands of people of Italian ethnicity, who were murdered to force all Italians to leave those areas. The aim of my essay is to trace a genealogy of the concept of “foiba”, describing how it has gone under a re-signification during the last two decades. Furthermore, I claim that the word “foiba” has become a concept that symbolizes the pain and suffering of all the Italian exiles from Venezia-Giulia and Dalmazia. “Foiba” bears, therefore, the specificity of this collective trauma, which is, at the same time, the untranslatability inherent to all collective traumas.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».