Holistic approach to improve road traffic safety
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
To take a further steps towards the long term vision of zero fatalities and to reach the targets set for Sweden (halving the number of traffic fatalities and reduce the number of seriously injured by a quarter from 2007 to 2020) and the EU (halving the number of road deaths between 2010 and 2020), it is necessary to focus the cause of accidents and through risk management as early as possible prevent its occurrence. By better understanding the causes of accidents, efficient solutions can be developed through a combination of safe vehicles, safe drivers and safe organizations. The project Holistic approach to improve road traffic safety, pre-study of a transport company has by a study of PostNord Logistics operations in Sweden investigated accidents in remote, regional and urban distribution and through cooperation between Volvo GTT and PostNord followed up and investigated the causes of accidents. This has been done by taking a holistic approach, where the investigation focus on vehicles, drivers and organization, all of which affect the risk of accidents. Through this work we have become more effective at understanding the causes of accidents, which is a prerequisite to developing effective solutions. For both truck and van accidents 43 % of the accidents occurred on public roads, mostly on roads within urbanized areas. 53 % of the accidents occurred at docks, in terminals, parking areas and courtyards. The accidents mostly occurred at low speeds when handling the vehicle in tight spaces where it is important to be aware of the vehicle's length, width and height. Of the accidents studied, 4% occurred on the road outside urbanized areas. The majority of these accidents happened on multilane roads and in higher speed. The lane departure accidents and rear-end collisions are recurring accidents types on roads outside built-up areas. 2% of the accidents resulted in personal injury. Two accidents were reversing accidents with pedestrians; two cases were rear-end collisions with another vehicle and one case a turning accident hitting a moped. To investigate the causes of the accidents that were identified in the project, PostNord Logistics was studies and analysed in the areas of safety priority, problem understanding and actions. Also specific problem areas for drivers in their work were identified. These include the driver's overall driving skills, procedure for vehicle handling at delivery and collection of goods, delivery reliability, conditions for work and motivation of drivers to drive safely. Furthermore, recommendations for actions that have the potential to reduce the risk of accidents at Post Nord Logistics were proposed. They can be summarized in activities within the organization, specifically for the drivers and for technical and vehicle solutions.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,006 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».