Investigating the Distribution of Peatland Permafrost and Its Sensitivity to Climate and Ecosystem Change in Coastal Labrador, Northeastern Canada
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Northern peatlands cover nearly 4 million km2, and roughly half of these contain periglacial landforms (palsas, peat plateaus). Recent estimates report that palsas and peat plateaus are more abundant in continental than coastal locations in northeastern Canada. However, use of coastal permafrost peatlands by Labrador Inuit and Innu for traditional activities suggests an abundance of palsas and peat plateaus along the Labrador Sea coastline. This thesis investigates the current distribution and thermal state, past sensitivity, and future resilience of peatland permafrost in coastal Labrador using field, remote sensing, and thermal modelling investigations. A permafrost peatland inventory was developed through a multi-mapper consensus-based process, supported by extensive field validations. Permafrost peatlands were found in lowland locations within 22 km of the coastline. While palsas were spread along the coastline, peat plateaus were concentrated between 53 and 55°N, where post-glacial marine invasions had occurred. The thermal state of four palsas in southeastern Labrador was then evaluated using records from shallow boreholes (<5.7 m). These palsas were characterized by low initial ground temperatures but experienced warming and subsidence throughout the study period (2015-2022). The greatest thaw occurred following the exceptionally warm winter of 2020-2021. Long-term changes in peatland permafrost were explored using aerial photography and satellite imagery of seven peatlands (1948-2021). Changes in landform extents were noted, though peat plateaus were found to thaw at lower rates than palsas. Widespread degradation was linked to regional warming and local greening. Finally, thermal modelling simulations calibrated to borehole records from nine peatlands were generated in the Northern Ecosystem Soil Temperature model. Permafrost was projected to disappear at all sites by 2100 under both climate and/or ecosystem change scenarios, and landforms were found to be more sensitive to ecosystem change than to climate warming alone. This thesis significantly advances our knowledge on peatland permafrost in coastal Labrador. Permafrost was more widespread than expected, though much of it is undergoing thaw and subsidence in response to climate warming and ecosystem change. The sensitivity of palsas and peat plateaus to ecosystem change necessitates the development of local ecosystem-based adaptation strategies for peatland permafrost in coastal Labrador.
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Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle