Renewable diesel for road transport: evaporation modelling
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The construction of a plant for the production of green hydrogen in Ukraine by the Ukrainian company «Hydrogen Ukraine», in the city of Reni, near Odessa, adds optimism about the use of hydrogen as a fuel for road transport. But on the other hand, a lot of cars that have already been in use and run on diesel fuel are imported to Ukraine from Europe. The high emissions of nitrogen oxides that these vehicles have when using diesel fuel have led to a ban on their use in Europe. But a good solution for Ukraine may be to replace diesel fuels with other alternative fuels, such as renewable fuels. Replacing traditional fuels in the transport sector is a major challenge, as any alternative fuel must provide comparable energy density. Renewable fuels such as renewable diesel (also known as green diesel and hydrotreated vegetable oil) are particularly suitable for this purpose, as they have significant advantages over other alternative fuels, necessitating modifications to the existing fleet of internal combustion engines. Renewable diesel is already used in road transport as a substitute for diesel fuel in the USA, Sweden, Finland, Canada, etc. countries of the world. Renewable diesel has some differences from fossil diesel, such as lower density, higher flash point, reduced evaporation losses and slightly increased viscosity. The purpose of this work is to simulate the evaporation of renewable diesel for road transport. For this purpose, the physical properties of renewable diesel in comparison with diesel fuel were analyzed. The most common peaks in the studied RD were in the range of n-C17 to n-C18, and almost all components ended in n-C18. Simulation of evaporation of biodiesel and renewable diesel fuel was performed. It was assumed that the droplet, which had an initial temperature of 360 K, moved under stationary conditions at a speed of 10 m/s. The initial radius of the droplet was assumed to be equal to 12.66 μm. The ambient temperature and pressure were assumed to be constant at 800 K and 30 bar, respectively. The simulations showed a shorter lifetime of droplets from biodiesel and also renewable diesel compared to diesel fuels. The evaporation of renewable fuel droplets will depend on the composition of that fuel, so it is important to know the composition of the renewable fuel to modelling the evaporation process.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».