Research on Education of Rural-oriented Medical Students in China: a Systematic Review
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background The free training program for rural-oriented medical students (referred to as "bonded medical students" ) is a significant measure to alleviate the shortage of grassroots doctors in rural areas of China and to enhance the overall level of the grassroots medical and health workforce. Previous studies have lacked comprehensive analysis of the current state, methods, and effectiveness evaluations of educational research on bonded medical students across various institutions in China. Objective To explore the development status, research quality, and future trends of medical education research on five-year undergraduate bonded medical students in China from 2010 to 2023, providing references for subsequent work. Methods Literature on the training of bonded medical students published from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2023, was retrieved from seven Chinese and English databases: CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubScholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted data according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. The quality of the literature was evaluated and comprehensively analyzed using MERSQI (The Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument) and NOS-E (The Newcastle-ottawa Scale-education). Descriptive analysis was used to summarize and analyze the results. Results A total of 37 studies were included, of which 36 were in Chinese and 1 in English. In terms of research design, the pretest-posttest control design accounted for the largest proportion (46%, 17/37), while single-group posttest and randomized controlled posttest designs each accounted for 22% (8/37, 8/37), and single-group pretest-posttest accounted for 8% (3/37). A total of 97% of the studies were conducted at the undergraduate education level (36/37). The research focuses were mainly on curriculum adjustment (89%, 33/37), teaching method adjustment (81%, 30/37), and training model construction (8%, 3/37). Among them, 3 studies (8%, 3/37) on training model construction and 7 studies (19%, 7/37) on curriculum adjustment specifically designed courses targeting rural areas, primary-level institutions, or general practice. Outcome evaluation mainly focused on students' evaluation of teaching (70%, 26/37) and improvement of knowledge and skills after teaching (86%, 32/37), while fewer studies addressed actual behavior change (3%, 1/37) and benefits to patients and medical institutions (3%, 1/37). The overall research quality was not high, with a total MERSQI score of (10.4±2.4), and a maximum score of 14.0. The main items affecting low scores were the number of sample institutions, the validity of evaluation tools, and outcome indicators. The total NOS-E score was (2.5±1.5), with a maximum score of 5.0, with comparability of control groups and blinding as the main items affecting low scores. Conclusion The focus on educational training research for bonded medical students has increased, but there are issues such as generally low research quality, insufficient cross-institutional and cross-regional studies, insufficient incorporation of features specific to bonded medical training in research content and evaluation indicators, and limited attention to postgraduate and continuing education. Future research should strengthen multi-institutional cooperation and international exchanges, improve the quality of research design and methods, and establish a unified evaluation system with rural-oriented characteristics, and strengthen the design of rural-oriented characteristic courses related to rural and general practice, focusing on the continuity and integration of teaching design that includes post-graduate education and continuing education stages.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,006 | 0,022 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,007 | 0,004 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,011 | 0,013 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».