Discussion on the Reasonable Probation of Labor Contract

[[abstract]]人力資源，是企業的核心競爭力所在。而對於人力資源的引進，實務上常見試用期的約定。雇主於招募員工時，常會與新進員工約定試用期間，目的在於藉此期間考核該新進人員的工作態度、工作表現是否符合公司預期，並觀察新進人員的品行、人格特質是否與公司形象相符。 雖然試用期制度，一般均認屬於實務上公司人員任用的常態行為，惟實務上卻仍存在試用期屆滿的考核認定勞動爭議事項。 本研究之目的擬透過相關法律、函釋以及司法判決的搜集，先行闡述我國勞動契約試用期的依據，分析勞動契約終止權的適用要件。次併藉由美國、加拿大、中國以及日本等工業化程度高，且具大型勞動力市場規模等國之立法例分析，進行勞動關係試用期制度規定之對比整合。另再透過與勞工行政人員(政)、企業人資及用人單位(資)，以及工會成員及試用期勞工(勞)三方對象之深度訪談，釐清政、資、勞三方對於勞動關係試用期所認知存在的管理問題及其等對相關制度之看法。 彙整上述文獻研究以及訪談資料，在探究各方對於勞動契約試用期合理規範之期待後，提出就外國立法例上對於試用期規範制度所值借鑒之處，以及可參考之法令內容方案與政策建議。 Human resource is the core competency of a company. In practice, it is common to have a probationary period when bringing in human resources. During the recruiting process, employers often specify a probationary period for new employees in order to assess whether the new employee's work attitude and performance meet the company's expectations as well as to observe whether the new employee's character and personality traits conform to the company's image. Although it is generally accepted that the probationary period system is a normal practice for company staff hiring, there are still labor disputes in practice when the probationary period expires. This study aimed to explain the basis of the labor contract concerning probationary period and analyze the applicable elements of the right to terminate labor contracts in Taiwan via the collection of relevant laws, official document and judicial decisions. Laws of the United States, Canada, China, and Japan, which are highly industrialized and have large labor markets, were analyzed to compare and integrate the regulations of the probationary period of labor relations. Moreover, through in-depth interviews with labor administrators (government), corporate human resources and employers (employers), as well as union officials and workers on probation (labor), we have identified the management problems perceived by the government, the labor, and employers regarding the probationary period of labor relations and their views on the related system. I compiled the literature review and interview data mentioned above. After exploring the expectations of all parties on the reasonable regulation of the probationary period in labor contracts, we proposed the reference points on the regulation of the probationary period in foreign legislation, as well as the proposals and policy recommendations on the contents of the law that can be referred to.

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