Study of Ciyou Temple in Songshan

[[abstract]]松山古稱錫口，早期是凱達格蘭族麻里錫口社的世居地。歷經十七世紀西班牙人及荷蘭人統治。到了清代，漢人逐漸開始至此移墾，使得錫口一帶漸漸形成以漢人為主體的城鎮。而媽祖信仰，也在漢人移墾的同時，開始在此落地生根。由於錫口作落在基隆河中游，是周遭地區的貨物集散地，往來貿易的興盛使得錫口漸漸形成市廛，連帶的也使得興建於乾隆年間的慈祐宮，逐漸成為周圍聚落的信仰中心。 往後，在歷經日治時期，以及戰後的發展，慈祐宮的建築格局，由早期的主殿附偏殿格局，轉變成為三進二護龍格局，後殿也因基隆河築堤徵收土地，而改向天空發展，築成高六層樓的殿宇。而在管理制度上，由慈祐宮內所供祖師牌位可知，清代時期慈祐宮曾聘任僧侶擔任住持，其中第三任住持建平法師墓地現坐落於五股西雲巖周邊道路上，推測清代慈祐宮住持或許與五股西雲巖住僧有所關聯。到了日治以後，歷經管理人制、管理委員會制，最後成立董事會，體制漸趨完善，有助於其廟務的推展。而在祀神系統上，慈祐宮由早期主祀媽祖、陪祀觀音、註生娘娘此一揉合民間信仰及佛教色彩的系譜，經歷戰後的的發展，逐漸轉變成前殿供奉媽祖，後殿供奉太歲、觀音、關聖帝君、三清道祖以及玉皇大帝此種帶有道教色彩的祀神系譜。 本論文試著將慈祐宮的發展，與松山地區的開發進行對照，試著去分析慈祐宮在各個發展階段其背後的因素。希冀能透過本論文，能為自己生長的故鄉，奉獻一己棉薄之力。 Songshan was originally named Siah-khau. Ketangalan, who are a part of Taiwanese Plains Aborigines, lived in Siah-khau before Spanish, Dutch and Hoklo people. In the 17th century, Spanish and Dutch began to visit Siah-khau. In 1683, Qing Dynasty started to rule Taiwan. In 18th century, Hoklo people start to immigrate to Siah-khau. At the same time, Matzu belief was be bring to Siah-khau when Hoklo people come. Because Siah-khau was located near Keelung River, it became one of the most important Inland ports in Taipei Basin. This situation was conducive to propagate Matzu belief. Ciyou Temple, which is Siah-khau Matzu temple built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, gradually became faith Center of the villages nearby Siah-khau. Since the latter half of the 19th Century, Siah-khau’s development became more rapider. In 1862, the Qing government opened Tamsui and Keelung to foreign trade under the terms of the Treaty of Tientsin. It made Siah-khau become a prosperous town. However,when Sino-French War(1884-1885) made the Port of Keelung became dilapidated, Siah-khau gradually became desolate. Between 1895 to 1945, Taiwan became a dependency of the Empire of Japan. During this time, Siah-khau became religious and political center of Eastern District of Taipei. Similarly during this time, Siah-khau was renamed Songshan. This name continued to be used until today. After World War II, Taiwan was under Republic of China ruled until now. During this time, Songshan District’major industries changed from industry to commerce. And large numbers of people relocating to Songshan district made Urbanization occur in this area. Songshan district’s growth led to the development of Ciyou Temple. In this study, through literature review and field research,I want to find the associativity between Songshan district development and Ciyou Temple development.

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