Population Heterogeneity of Diabetes in Indigenous Peoples of the Americas: A Systematic Scoping Review of Existing Literature
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background: Diabetes is a growing public health concern worldwide, with an estimated 537 million people affected in 2021. This number is projected to increase by 46% over the next 25 years. In the Americas, the prevalence of diabetes is expected to rise from 84 million in 2021 to 112 million by 2045. Indigenous populations may face unique risk factors, yet there is limited consolidated data on diabetes prevalence within these communities. This systematic review examines the prevalence of diabetes among Indigenous populations in the Americas. Methods: Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, a systematic search was conducted in Scopus and PubMed. Studies were included if they reported population-based surveys on diabetes prevalence among Indigenous and mestizo adults in the Americas. Data extraction focused on study location, population characteristics, diagnostic criteria, and reported prevalence. Results: A total of 60 documents, representing 73 studies, met the inclusion criteria and covered 45,503 individuals from 16 countries between 1975 and 2025. Mexico contributed the largest number of studies (17), followed by the United States (15), Brazil (10), Canada (7), Chile (6), and Guatemala (5). Most participants were from North America (29,093), followed by Central America (8,144) and South America (6,911). No eligible reports were identified from Caribbean nations, Peru, or Guyana. In total, 111 Indigenous groups were represented. The most frequently used diagnostic method was fasting blood glucose (FBG), applied in 50 studies (75%), followed by the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 41 studies (61%). The combined prevalence of diabetes among Indigenous and mestizo populations was 12% overall (17% among women and 14% among men). Mean diabetes prevalence was highest in North America (17%), followed by Central America (8.9%) and South America (4.9%). Notably, five studies—from Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Paraguay—reported no cases of diabetes. Conclusions: The prevalence of diabetes among Indigenous populations in the Americas is highly heterogeneous, with considerably higher rates reported in North America compared with Central and South America. Although genetic predisposition may play an important role, environmental and lifestyle factors likely contribute substantially to these differences. The decline in published studies in recent years suggests a reduction in research focus on this topic. Further investigation into modifiable risk factors—such as diet, physical activity, and socioeconomic conditions—is essential to better understand the epidemiology of diabetes, clarify how these determinants interact, and support the development of targeted interventions to reduce risk and address health disparities among Indigenous populations across the region. Keywords: Diabetes, Indigenous populations, Americas, epidemiology, public health, prevalence, systematic review.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».