Infants and Adults Are Sensitive to the Costs of Upright Versus Non‐Upright Locomotion
Pourquoi ce travail est dans la base
Une base qui oublie comment elle a trouvé un travail ne peut pas être vérifiée. Voici les voies qui ont admis celui-ci.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Variety in locomotor forms-upright (e.g., walking) versus non-upright (e.g., crawling)-reflects a "decision" about how to move. A decision about whether to move upright or non-upright reflects the costs incurred from getting into and moving in a particular posture-energy, stability, time, comfort, and so on. Are infants and caregivers sensitive to the immediate costs of upright and non-upright locomotion? We tested bout-level sensitivity to the costs of locomotor form in groups with different locomotor skills and body size (24 crawling and 24 walking infants and their caregivers). To encourage both short and long bouts, dyads played with toys clustered in a pile and toys dispersed around the room. Most critically, all groups showed bout-level sensitivity to the costs of upright and non-upright locomotion-they factored in their starting posture, typical mode of locomotion, and travel distance when deciding how to move. Walkers and caregivers only moved non-upright if they were already seated and traveled short distances; otherwise, they walked. Conversely, crawlers only moved upright if they were already standing and traveled short distances; if they were seated or moved long distances, they crawled. Moreover, across toy conditions, crawlers moved less than walkers and caregivers moved less than infants. Both crawlers and walkers displayed longer bouts when toys were dispersed, and caregivers mirrored their infants' activity. Thus, despite infants' propensity to move, babies-like adults-are indeed sensitive to the costs of upright versus non-upright locomotion. SUMMARY: Infants and caregivers showed bout-level sensitivity to locomotor costs by accounting for starting posture and travel distance when deciding whether to move upright or non-upright. Walkers and caregivers crawled when starting non-upright and traveling short distances; otherwise, they walked. Crawlers walked when starting upright and traveling nearby; otherwise, they crawled. Infants and caregivers moved more when toys were dispersed than when toys were clustered. Walkers moved more than crawlers, and infants moved more than caregivers. Despite infants' willingness to accumulate large amounts of seemingly gratuitous locomotion, infants, like adults, are sensitive to the varying, dynamic costs of different locomotor forms.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle