Por uma história do ensino de engenharia na Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA): 1993 - 2023

This dissertation presents a historical analysis of the creation and development of the Production Engineering course at the Universidade Regional do Cariri (URCA), starting in 1993, when the first steps were taken to create the course. The study extends to the present moment (2023), on the eve of its 30th anniversary. The dissertation supports the claim that, from a historical perspective, the functions and social characteristics of the training of production engineers were shaped by a logic strongly marked by neoliberal ideology, particularly from the last quarter of the 20th century. Therefore, within this context, the primary model of the production engineering teaching modality is the final ideological expression of the neoliberal stage of the capitalist accumulation pattern, whose purpose is to ultimately serve the market and satisfy its desires. The study is affiliated with the research track “Educação, estudos sócio-históricos e filosóficos da educação brasileira” of the Graduate Program in Education of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte. The theoretical-methodological framework of the study, mainly guided by the Marxist tradition, establishes vital categories of analysis such as “social classes,” “class struggle,” “ideology,” “hegemony,” “neoliberalism,” “education and work,” promoting a deeper understanding of class contradictions in the period analyzed. The study is supported by extensive historiographical research and sources on the constitution of educational institutions and professional entities linked to the teaching and practice of engineering. The dissertation also reflects on the impacts of neoliberal policies adopted in higher education at state universities in Ceará, leading to the emergence of the first and only engineering course at URCA in the 1990s. The goal is to identify the actors who benefit from the creation of such a course in a small public institution of higher education in the context of the governments of Tasso Jereissati (1995 - 1999) as the State Governor of Ceará, and Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1995 - 2002) as the President of Brazil. In such a period, hundreds of new engineering courses were created due to the mandatory demand from big business to “produce more in less time.” Nonetheless, the engineering course at URCA - made to fit perfectly into the institutional design of Ceará´s higher education system of the Tasso/FHC era - suffered setbacks throughout its three decades of existence. The study shows that the course has not followed the continuous fiscal adjustment of the State nor the corporate greed for quick and easy returns on public and private investments - crucial characteristics of the neoliberal paradigm.

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