Grief for stillbirth: a comparative study between brazilian and canadian women
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The experience of stillbirth involves aspects of loss and grief which have to be investigated and discussed. Current analysis investigates grief conditions of women who experienced stillbirth in two different cultures; undertake the transcultural adaptation of the Perinatal Grief Scale to Portuguese and French; identify the complex grief state of women who experienced stillbirth; verify the association of complex grief state of women with stillbirth and the socio-demographic, reproductive, mental characteristics, coupled to professional help and conjugal satisfaction; understand the experience of women on stillbirth. The study has been developed within three stages: 1) a methodological research involving the transcultural adaptation of the Perinatal Grief Scale (PGS); 2) exploratory, transversal and descriptive research on the association between the grief state and the women´s characteristics; clinical-qualitative research employing a semi-directed interview with women who had experienced stillbirth. Population was composed of all women who had had a stillbirth in 2013 in the municipality of Maringá PR Brazil and at the Centre d'Études et de Recherche en Intervention Familiale of the University of Quebec in Outaouais, Canada. Data were collected by questionnaire featuring socio-demographic, reproductive and mental characteristics, conjugal satisfaction and professional help, and by a semi-directed interview with open questions on aspects experienced in stillbirth. The methodological referential of transcultural adaptation of instruments and reliability evaluation were employed for PGS consistency between the two populations. Odds Ratio at p≤0.05 verified the association between the grief state and the women´s characteristics. Multivariate analysis of multiple correspondences was undertaken with the main variables associated with the grief state. The semi-structured interview for the application of the clinical and qualitative method was submitted to qualitative content analysis. The PGS in Brazilian Portuguese and in Canadian French was reliable for the two populations. Cronbach´s alpha coefficient in PGS applied in Brazil reached 0.93, with the Canadian one at 0.94. The grief state was greater among Brazilians (35%) when compared to that among Canadians (12%). Post-natal depression and conjugal non-satisfaction were the traits of Brazilian women with low schooling, previous pregnancy with a live born and non-occurrence of a previous loss. The characteristics of Brazilian females in grief featured low schooling, previous pregnancy with live birth, without the occurrence of a previous loss, post-birth depression and conjugal non-satisfaction. Contrastingly, 80% of Canadian women without grief resorted to professional help. The occurrence of grief in the two populations was more frequent in women with pregnancy age over 28 weeks. Content qualitative analysis revealed three categories: evolution of pregnancy in stillbirth, contact with the stillborn, assistance by health professionals. The PGS´s transcultural adaptation for Brazilians and Canadians was established and may be employed to identify the grief state in women with stillborn, in their respective version. Canadian females with low schooling and who do not demand professional help, who do not practice any type of religion, lacking conjugal satisfaction must be analyzed in the grief state. Brazilian females in grief who do not seek professional help, who do not practice any religion, with low schooling and without any conjugal satisfaction should be investigated.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,005 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,011 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».