A Comparison of the Product (Re)formulation Actions and Commitments of the Top Packaged Food and Beverage Companies in Canada
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Canada’s packaged food supply is dominated by energy-dense products high in nutrients of public health concern, increasing obesity and non-communicable disease risk. Many packaged food and beverage companies voluntarily commit to improving the nutritional quality of their products. While monitoring is needed to hold companies accountable for these commitments and thereby prompt improvements, there has been little independent monitoring of their voluntary product (re)formulation efforts in Canada.This thesis aimed to conduct a comprehensive comparison of the product (re)formulation actions and commitments of the top 22 packaged food and beverage companies in Canada. In Study 1, a branded food database was used to compare the nutritional quality of products offered by these companies in 2017, overall and by food category, using multiple measures of nutritional quality. The nutritional quality of products offered by these companies differed significantly overall and by food category, with many products considered less healthy. Study 2 aimed to develop and apply a tool for quantifying the strength of companies’ voluntary recent actions and commitments to improve the nutritional quality of their products. Scores based on the Food Company Reformulation (FCR) tool were low, on average, suggesting that many of Canada’s leading food companies report limited or no action concerning product (re)formulation. Study 3 examined the relationship between the strength of companies’ voluntary product (re)formulation commitments and changes in the nutritional quality of their Canadian products, using companies’ FCR scores and branded food data collected in 2013 and 2017. While some companies improved the healthfulness of their products over this period, many companies’ product portfolios were unchanged or became less healthy from 2013-2017. Moreover, the products of companies reporting stronger voluntary product (re)formulation actions/commitments did not undergo greater improvement in nutritional quality over time, nor were their products significantly healthier. Overall, many of Canada’s leading food companies have not made meaningful improvements to the nutritional quality of their products in recent years; however, there is considerable variation between companies in terms of their product (re)formulation actions and commitments. These findings highlight a need for mandatory government interventions to help improve the healthfulness of Canada’s packaged food supply.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,007 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,007 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».