Immigrants' integration seen through the prism of multiculturalism: a comparative analysis of policies and educational provisions to facilitate integration, based on the case studies of Canada and Italy
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This dissertation is a comparative analysis of policies and programs supporting newcomers' integration, based on case studies of Canada and Italy. Immigrants' integration is defined as a two-way process composed of different phases, which in its final phase brings into equal membership those groups recently arrived in the host country and those belonging to the receiving society. Because immigrants mainly settle in large urban centres, the scope of the research concentrates on the cities of Toronto in Ontario and Rome in Lazio. The study is multidisciplinary as it draws from literature in the fields of comparative and international education, and comparative policy analysis as well as from migration, multiculturalism and citizenship theories. The research approach adopted is grounded theory and the methodology is qualitative. The comparative analysis involved a juxtaposition of the policy and institutional framework existing in both countries to support the integration process. A comparison of formal and informal educational provisions, which facilitate newcomers' integration, was also carried out. The opinions of 23 key informants working in different government and non-government agencies provided insightful information on such issues as implementation problems, policy directions, and hindrances encountered by immigrants. The study focuses on the role of education in the integration process. Education, in the broad sense, has the dual role of facilitating the adaptation of newcomers in the new society as well as helping the adaptation of the host society towards diversity. Many similarities have emerged from the research, such as the policy language on integration and some ‘types’ of educational provisions implemented. Several problems have been identified in both systems in terms of the challenges encountered by immigrants in the integration process. There is, however, a fundamental difference in the ‘approach’ towards immigrants undertaken by the governments of the two countries at study. In Italy, an immigrant is still regarded as the ‘other’, as a ‘stranger’. In Canada, immigrants and refugees are considered future citizens. Diversity policies such as the official Canadian Multiculturalism Policy allow a country to embrace a pluralistic vision of national identity, which is inclusive of all groups, regardless of ethnicity, culture, language, and religion.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,006 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,004 | 0,009 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,016 | 0,009 |
| Communication savante | 0,007 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,005 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».