Selected risk factors for gastric cancer in Canada with an emphasis on hormonal/reproductive factors in women
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objectives. To evaluate the relationship between hormonal/reproductive factors and gastric cancer (GC) by anatomical subsite (proximal and distal stomach) and histological subtype (diffuse and intestinal). Methods. Data was analysed from a population-based case-control study conducted in eight Canadian provinces. Cases comprised 326 women and 711 men ages 20–74 years with incident, pathology confirmed GC; all cases were subclassified by anatomical and histological subgroups. Controls were 326 women and 711 men, 1:1 frequency-matched to the cases on age. Hormonal/reproductive factors were studied only in the women. Information on exposure and other risk factors for disease was captured through self-administered questionnaire. Risk estimates were generated by multiple logistic regression and age-adjusted odds ratios were calculated for anatomical/histological subgroups. Results. After adjusting for possible confounders, later age at menarche was associated with an increased risk of GC compared with onset of menarche less than 13 years of age (13–14 years: OR = 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00–2.10, ≥15 years: OR = 1.93, 95%CI: 1.19–3.13). Compared to premenopause, natural menopause was associated with an increased risk of GC (OR = 1.99, 95% CI: 0.98–4.05). Being pregnant for 5 months or more was associated with a nonsignificant decreased risk of GC relative to nulliparity (<24 years of age OR = 0.55, 95%CI: 0.31–0.99; ≥25 years of age OR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.39–1.25), as was having 4 or more births (OR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.32–0.99). No association was observed with use of oral contraceptives, use of hormone replacement therapy, bilateral oophorectomy or years of fertility. Early age at menopause was associated with an increased risk of intestinal adenocarcinoma and use of oral contraceptives was associated with a decreased risk of intestinal type. Many associations were more pronounced in proximal GC compared to distal, and intestinal type histology compared to diffuse. Conclusions. Hormonal/reproductive factors associated with a greater exposure to estrogen and/or progesterone (early age at menarche, late age at menopause, parity, exogenous hormone use) were associated with a decreased risk of GC. Moreover, these associations were more pronounced in male predominant GC subtypes (proximal GC and intestinal type adenocarcinoma). These findings may explain, in part, why females are at a decreased risk of GC than males.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».