Reassembling transboundary natural resource governance: Case studies of posthuman wild food systems in Eeyou Istchee
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The governance of natural resources is often characterised by ecological, social, and jurisdictional complexity. One dimension of this complexity is epistemological and ontological pluralism, wherein governance structures and processes must contend with multiple knowledge systems and worldviews. In Canada, for example, pluralistic natural resource governance often includes Indigenous Peoples, in addition to government, non-governmental, and industry actors. Even in cases where these diverse governance actors share broadly agreed-upon conservation and sustainable development goals, pluralism can have significant implications for collective action, as well as epistemic justice and reconciliation. While different knowledge systems and worldviews can enhance understanding, inclusion, and innovation, they can also create frictions and controversies. Indigenous knowledge systems are frequently incommensurable with the dominant scientific and bureaucratic knowledge systems of natural resource governance. This is particularly evident in cases involving the social roles of nonhuman actors, which often play active parts in Indigenous ontologies and epistemologies. In this dissertation, I first synthesise the literature on actor-network theory (ANT), and analyse how this approach to understanding human/nonhuman networks could also inform understandings of knowledge weaving and pluralistic natural resource governance. To demonstrate empirically how knowledge weaving can challenge network governance approaches, I conduct a case study of moose and forestry governance in Eeyou Istchee, the James Bay Cree Territory of northern Quebec, Canada. Cree livelihoods are closely linked to wild food species like moose. However, these species are being heavily impacted by forestry and other resource development. Fuzzy cognitive mapping was conducted with Cree land-users to explore the different social-ecological impacts to moose habitat. The case study shows that, while some differing Cree and scientific understandings of boundary spanning factors are relatively easy to reconcile, some factors, especially those related to specific local culture and belief, are not. A second case study of lake sturgeon governance in the Cree community of Nemaska demonstrates how an ANT-inspired approach to network governance could help span boundaries between pluralistic governance actors. Like moose, lake sturgeon is an important wild food species being impacted by resource development. Using interviews and participant observation, I describe lake sturgeon actor-networks in Nemaska, identifying the relational networks of humans and nonhumans that influence governance. Through the tracing of these networks, boundary-spanning roles that may be hidden from other approaches are highlighted. Natural resource governance regularly depends on complex relationships and consensus between local land-users, scientists, and policy makers. In such pluralistic settings, shared understandings can be challenging to develop, and I conclude that ANT and a wider turn towards posthumanism would help decentralise the human in network governance methods, thereby creating novel insights for overcoming conflicts and improving collective action
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,012 | 0,012 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,002 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».