The transition to parenthood among immigrant parents: A mixed-methods investigation of the prevalence and psychosocial determinants of perinatal psychological distress
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Expectant parents that have immigrated or come from an immigrant background may face a heightened risk of perinatal distress due to migration-related stressors and barriers to accessing healthcare. Prior research has overlooked psychosocial factors contributing to perinatal distress among immigrant parents, particularly fathers. This dissertation aimed to investigate the prevalence, lived experiences, and psychosocial determinants of perinatal psychological distress and well-being among parents with an immigrant background. Manuscript one describes the prevalence and early determinants of antenatal depression among recent, long-term immigrant and Canadian-born women. The prevalence of depression was highest for recent immigrants. Among recent immigrants, multiparity, stress and pregnancy-specific anxiety in early pregnancy increased the risk of antenatal depression. Among long-term immigrants, stress in the first trimester was associated with antenatal depression. These findings indicate that women are at risk for antenatal depression, particularly recent immigrant women, and modifiable psychological risk factors may be identified early in pregnancy. Manuscript two uses a qualitative approach to explore 1st and 2nd-generation immigrant parents’ lived experiences of social stressors and facilitators of perinatal psychological well-being. Three key themes emerged: cultural pressures, health and social service access, and discrimination. First-generation immigrant parents reported greater acculturative stress and ethnic discrimination concerns related to their distress. Among men, barriers include feeling as though the paternal role was devalued by society and not receiving consideration during healthcare. Results suggest that parents from immigrant backgrounds perceive social factors to hinder or facilitate perinatal well-being. Our findings highlight the need for continued efforts to address discrimination, bolstering support for 1st-generation immigrant parents, and to address gender disparities.Manuscript three describes the prevalence of perinatal psychological distress (depression, anxiety, and stress), and examined antenatal psychosocial determinants of postpartum psychological distress among immigrant (1st and 2nd-generation) and Canadian-born fathers and mothers. Heightened levels of antenatal distress were present among parents regardless of immigrant status and increased at postpartum. A greater severity of postpartum depressive symptoms and prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms at two months postpartum were found among immigrant mothers. Among immigrant fathers, family-work conflict (FWC) increased the risk of depression, and discrimination was associated with stress. For immigrant mothers, FWC increased the risk of depression. FWC and dyadic adjustment was associated with anxiety and stress, and discrimination was associated with stress. Our findings provide further evidence that men are at risk for perinatal distress, and highlight the importance of modifiable psychosocial risk factors for perinatal psychological distress in immigrant and non-immigrant parents. This dissertation contributes to knowledge on the prevalence and modifiable facilitators and barriers of perinatal psychological well-being, in particular among immigrants. This work can inform tailored, evidence-based programs and policies to address the mental health needs of immigrant and non-immigrant parents and reduce gender disparities in perinatal distress treatment
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,008 | 0,008 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».