Crop response to water and fertilizers used in soil modified with hydrogels
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Increasing water and nitrogen use efficiency is essential to increase crop production and to reduce environmental degradation. Cellulosic hydrogels derived from paper waste, have the ability to retain and gradually release water and nitrogen for optimum plant growth. This study assessed crop response to water and NO3 − N with hydrogels amended in the soil. Tomato was used as the crop for this study as it is the most widely cultivated vegetable crop with a sensitive response to water and nitrogen. An experiment was conducted during 2020-2021 in the research greenhouse at Macdonald Campus of McGill University, comprising the following treatments: freeze-dried hydrogels (FDH), oven-dried hydrogels (ODH), control (without hydrogels) as well as two irrigation treatments (95% and 75% available water content (AWC)). Equivalent beads (32.10 of FDH and 35.96 g of ODH) corresponding to 4.6 g of 20-20-20 N-P-K fertilizer were applied before transplanting, at a depth of 0.15m from the soil surface. The treatments were replicated three times using a factorial design. The results indicated that FDH- 95% AWC treatment produced the highest average crop yield of 0.88 kg plant-1, compared to the ODH (0.32 kg plant-1) and control treatments (0.40 kg plant-1). The hydrogel and AWC combinations did not significantly (p > 0.05) impact plant height and stem diameter, while these treatment combinations enhanced and significantly affected crop yield, leaf area index and plant biomass (p < 0.05). FDH and ODH produced a substantially higher yield and saved 15 % and 20% of irrigation water (225mm) as compared to the control treatment. Furthermore, there was a noticeably higher water use efficiency in the FDH-95 (3.911 kg m-1 plant-1) treatment as compared to the ODH-95 (1.467 kg m-1 plant-1) and control (1.509 kg m-1 plan-1) treatments. With soil only, and no crop, FDH was most effective in releasing fertilizer to the plants. The FDH gradually increased NO3 − N concentration from 20 to 65 mg kg-1 over a month. The results indicate that under FDH and ODH treatments, excess nitrate was stored in the soil vacuoles, and was remobilized for uptake by the plant roots. The overall performance of both hydrogels was comparatively better than the control, with the FDH-95% AWC giving the highest marketable yield, and best water and nitrogen saving potential. This study showed that cellulose -paper-based hydrogels, which is a waste product from the pulp and paper industry, can be used to improve crop production
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».