LIABILITY IN INTERNATIONAL AIR LAW: CURRENT STATUS AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN UKRAINIAN LEGISLATION
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state and prospects of implementation of the norms of the institute of liability in international air law into Ukrainian legislation. It is argued that the institution of liability in international air law, in our opinion, is one of the main instruments for ensuring the implementation of its norms and, at the same time, one of its weakest points (which may seem paradoxical, but, in the author's opinion, is quite logical, given the historical conditions and political and economic realities). It is noted that Ukraine, as an aviation state, has always taken an active part in the development of international air law as a member of the UN and ICAO, a party to international conventions and other international treaties and documents. However, there are some problems with the implementation of international air law norms on liability into Ukrainian legislation. It is concluded that existing liability mechanisms in international aviation law are not sufficiently effective, but new ones do not fully correspond to modern realities: they do not take into account new challenges of today (cyber threats, hybrid use of UAVs near airports to disrupt their operation, and the use of electronic warfare which threatens the safety of air navigation, to commit acts of unlawful interference), contain many of the above-mentioned bottlenecks and compromises (states are reluctant to take on new international obligations, especially those that provide for the liability of the states themselves). However, even with these “half-hearted” steps to update the institution of liability in international air law, Ukraine has so far acceded to only one relatively new international treaty—the 1999 Montreal Convention. The prospects for Ukraine's accession to the 2010 Beijing documents and the 2014 Montreal Protocol are, in our opinion, quite realistic, but a thorough scientific assessment of the compatibility of such accession with Ukraine's national interests is necessary. As for the new 2009 Montreal Conventions, the prospects for Ukraine's accession are doubtful, as these conventions have not yet entered into force and may not do so. In addition, Ukraine is still not a party to even the existing 1952 Rome Convention and the 1978 Protocol with the 1978 Montreal Protocol. Keywords: Implementation of international air law provisions on liability into Ukrainian legislation; responsibility for acts of unlawful interference with civil aviation; acts of unlawful interference with civil aviation; air piracy; the liability of the aircraft operator for damage to third parties caused by acts of unlawful interference; air carrier's liability for damage caused to a party to an air transport contract by an act of unlawful interference.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
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Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,010 | 0,009 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,007 |
| Communication savante | 0,008 | 0,006 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».