Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Books discussed:Irshad Manji.The Trouble with Islam Today: A Muslim's Call for Reform in Her Faith. New York: St. Martin's Griffin, 2005.Irshad Manji.Allah, Liberty and Love: The Courage to Reconcile Faith and Freedom. New York: Free Press, 2011.Karima BennouneYour Fatwa Does Not Apply Here: Untold Stories from the Fight Against Muslim Fundamentalism New York: W. W. Norton, 2013.Two important cases regarding the constitutional right to same-sex marriage are being brought to the United States Supreme Court for decision in 2013. Whether the court will choose to hear them, and what decisions may be made are not known at the time of writing. I do not think, however, that the ultimate outcome is in much doubt. Despite plaintive cries from religious fundamentalists and other cultural conservatives, I am confident that same-sex marriage will become the law of the land ... though maybe not quite yet. Enthusiasts of such legislation as the Defense of Marriage Act and traditional arguments that marriage be limited to a union of one man and one woman are adamant in their opposition, but public opinion polls show that as many as four out of five young Americans favour reform. Time will tell which side prevails and time certainly seems to be on the side of those who favour a more inclusive definition of marriage.The winds of change are blowing, but the deep currents are strong and hard to turn. Immediate predictions about both moral and legal judgements on the matter of same-sex marriage will, therefore, turn on whether you prefer an atmospheric or an oceanic metaphor. That is, whether you believe that recent changes of opinion will be strong enough to prevail over well entrenched beliefs. Despite reluctance in some cultural and religious quarters, however, the future of gay and lesbian, as well as bisexual and transgender (GLBT) people looks much like the future of women and African-Americans looked a century or so ago, at least in the United States of America.The same cannot be said about those parts of the world in which the dominant religion is Islam. There is, of course, no monolithic Muslim culture. The religion itself is, like its sibling Abrahamic religions of Judaism and Christianity, internally divided. A great schism between Sunni and Shi'ite factions and all manner of other sectarian distinctions ensures that no one speaks with uncontested authority for Islam (though many claim the authority to do so). Nonetheless, there is a perceptible difference-overlaps and innumerable exceptions notwithstanding-between what may conveniently be called Western Civilization on the one hand and Islam on the other. While there may be a robust debate among Christian leadership and laity alike, for example, an apparent agreement among Muslims on the matter seems relatively stable and, in many places, open discussion of the issue is almost unthinkable.To help its readers understand how the issues of sexual orientation and same-sex marriage play out globally, my local newspaper recently published a map of the world. On it, three features were graphically displayed for each country. They were:persecution of homosexuals (official sanctions from none to the death penalty);legal recognition of same-sex unions (from none to full marriage equality);civil protection (from none to civil and criminal laws against discrimination).The results revealed few surprises. The countries where gays and lesbians are subject to the least persecution, enjoy full recognition and receive the most legal protection are: Argentina, Belgium, Canada, Iceland, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, South Africa, Spain and Sweden. They are closely followed by Australia, Austria, Brazil, Colombia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, New Zealand, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.On the other hand, those countries in which gays and lesbians suffer the most official persecution with the least recognition and protection are Iran, Mauritania, (northern) Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, (southern) Somalia, Sudan and Yemen. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».