The effects of stereotype threat on the eating behaviours and intellectual performance of overweight and obese women
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Stereotype threat is the experience of apprehension that individuals feel in situations where their behaviour may be seen as evidence confirming a negative stereotype about their group. This threat leads to behaviour consistent with the stereotype. In contrast, unthreatened individuals perform equivalently to members of an unstereotyped group. Overweight and obese individuals are targets of many stereotypes, including the stereotypes that they lack control of their eating, and that they are less intelligent than are normal-weight individuals. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to investigate the effects of stereotype threat on the eating behaviours and intellectual performance of overweight and obese women. It was hypothesized that overweight and obese females exposed to a stereotype threat would eat significantly more and would perform more poorly on an intellectual measure than would overweight and obese females unexposed to stereotype threat, and normal-weight participants in either condition. The performance of the latter three groups was not expected to differ. Domain identification was included as a moderator, and it was predicted that individuals highly invested in the targeted domain would be most reactive to the threat. In both Studies 1 and 2, stereotype threat was introduced with a vignette detailing discrimination against obese individuals, after which the behaviour of interest (eating in Study 1, intellectual performance in Study 2) was measured. Moreover, in both studies, weight was defined both objectively (body mass index) and subjectively (participants' self-classification). In Study 1, both the objective and the subjective weight analyses revealed that overweight participants ate more in the threat than in the control condition. Moreover, the meaning of this difference was clarified in the subjective weight analyses: overweight participants appeared to restrict their eating in the control condition, so that the disinhibitory effect of stereotype threat simply increased their consumption to the amounts eaten by their normal-weight counterparts, whose eating was unaffected by the experimental manipulation. Study 2 did not find any evidence of stereotype-consistent behaviour (i.e., impaired intellectual performance) in overweight and obese participants following a stereotype threat.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,004 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».