Intestinal and hepatic cholesterol transporters in Psammomys Obesus, a model of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Poor glycemic control is associated with hyperlipidemia. Our results have recently shown that the increased transport of chylomicrons from the intestine to the circulation in both conditions could potentially result in circulating lipid abnormalities that likely enhance the risk of atherosclerosis. Although protein transporters have been involved in regulating cholesterol movement into and out of enterocytes, little is known about their status in insulin resistance and diabetes. Our objective was to determine mRNA levels of genes such as ABCA‐1, ABCG5/8, NPC1‐L1, Annexin II, CD36, SCP‐2 and SR‐B1, in intestinal and hepatic tissues in Psammomys Obesus. In diabetic animals, analysis of gene expression by Real‐Time PCR revealed a decrease in intestinal and hepatic levels of ABCG5/8 and ABCA1, which act as efflux pumps favoring cholesterol export out of absorptive cells. Furthermore, a decline was observed in intestinal mRNA levels of NPC1‐L1 that plays a major role in cholesterol absorption, whereas no changes were evidenced in the gene expression of intestinal SR‐BI, annexin 2, CD36 and SCP2. In contrast, raised mRNA concentrations characterized annexin‐2 and SR‐BI in the hepatic tissue. Our results suggest that the expression of cholesterol transporters is differently modulated in the intestine and liver in diabetes type 2. Supported by Diabete Canada.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".