Adiponectin microinjection into the nucleus tractus solitarius causes decreases in blood pressure
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adiponectin (ADP) is a fat cell‐derived hormone, the concentrations of which are reduced in patients with obesity‐related diseases such as insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and hypertension. Central administration of ADP has been shown to induce changes in glucose, lipids and body weight similar to those produced by peripheral injection, implicating the brain as a target for ADP. Studies demonstrating that increases in circulating peptide rapidly translate into increases in intracerebroventricular ADP and that ADP receptors are present in brain suggest that circulating ADP can reach and act in the brain. Recent studies from our laboratory have shown that ADP microinjection into the area postrema, a circumventricular structure implicated in cardiovascular control and energy homeostasis increases blood pressure (BP). The nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS), a medullary structure with reciprocal connections to/from AP which has well‐documented roles in cardiovascular regulation and energy homeostasis, is one likely candidate for mediating these effects. The present study was undertaken to determine the effects of ADP administration into the NTS on BP and heart rate (HR) in anesthetized male Sprague‐Dawley rats. ADP microinjection (1pmol) into the commissural NTS (cNTS) caused rapid, long lasting (> 5 minutes), decreases in BP (AUC = −1021±264.4, n=4, p<.05) without effect on HR (AUC = 10.8±24.2, n=4, p>.05). Microinjection into the medial NTS also caused significant decreases in BP (AUC = BP −2215±321.5, n=3, p<.05) without affecting HR (AUC = −28.8±16.5, n=3, p>.05) which were larger than those decreases seen in response to cNTS injection locations. These studies suggest that ADP may play a role in cardiovascular regulation through direct actions at the NTS. Supported by: The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".