Ramipril treatment improves vascular endothelial function in db/db mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are preceded by endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. This is associated with increased plasma reactive oxygen species (ROS). High ROS levels reduce nitric oxide bioavailability and attenuate vasodilation. The ACE inhibitor ramipril is frequently used in managing the cardiovascular complications of diabetes. We hypothesized that ramipril treatment improves ACh‐induced, endothelium‐dependent vasodilation in db/db mice. We treated 5‐week‐old wild‐type (WT) and type 2 diabetic (db/db) mice with vehicle or ramipril (10mg/kg/day) for 6 weeks. Plasma ROS levels were reduced by ramipril in WT (34%) and db/db (51%) mice. Ramipril treatment increased ACh‐induced vasodilation by 4‐fold in db/db mice without affecting endothelium‐independent vasodilation. These data support a key role for angiotensin II in mediating endothelial dysfunction in diabetes through the generation of ROS. (Supported by Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada & Singapore Ministry of Education Academic Research Fund)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".