A role of Wnt signalling pathway in the hematopoietic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Proc Amer Assoc Cancer Res, Volume 45, 2004 2794 There is emerging evidence that stem cell biology could provide new insights into cancer biology. Evidence shows that many pathways that are classically associated with cancer may also regulate normal stem cell development. One particularly interesting pathway that has also been shown to regulate both differentiation and oncogenesis in different organs is the Wnt signalling pathway. Wnt proteins are intercellular signaling molecules that regulate development in several organisms and contribute to cancer when dysregulated. Under the appropriate culture conditions, embryonic stem (ES) cells can differentiate in vitro into complex structures called embryoid bodies (EBs) that contain a number of different cell types. In the present study, the differentiation effect of murine interleukin-3 (mIL-3, Chemicon; 10 μg/ml), human interleukin-6 (hIL-6, Stemcell Technologies Inc., Vancouver, Canada; 10 μg/ml), and Erythropoietin (EPO, Amgen, 3 U/ml) was examined alone or in combination. Cells from EBs were processed for Wright-Giemsa staining, immunofluorenscence staining, RT-PCR and Western Blot experiments after 9 to 14 days of primary differentiation culture and secondary differentiation culture. Here we report that Wnt/β-Catenin signalling down-regulates in hematopoietic differentiation of murine embryonic stem cells (ESc). We found that differentiation induced by interleukin-3 (IL-3), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and erythropoietin (EPO) combination resulted in high expression of CD3e, CD11b (Mac-1), CD45R/B220, Ly-6G, and TER-119 in differentiated ES cells. A high expression of β-Catenin was observed in two undifferentiated ES cell lines. Gene and protein expression analysis revealed that the Wnt downstream signalling pathway including β-Catenin, GSK-3β, Axin, and TCF4 was significantly down regulated as ES cells differentiated into hematopoietic progenitors. Our results indicate that Wnt/β-Catenin signalling pathway is essential for the hematopoietic differentiation of murine ESc and may support β-Catenin as a crucial factor in the maintenance of ES cells in their undifferentiated state.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".