Structural basis of<i>Deerpox virus</i>-mediated inhibition of apoptosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Apoptosis is a key innate defence mechanism to eliminate virally infected cells. To counteract premature host-cell apoptosis, poxviruses have evolved numerous molecular strategies, including the use of Bcl-2 proteins, to ensure their own survival. Here, it is reported that the Deerpox virus inhibitor of apoptosis, DPV022, only engages a highly restricted set of death-inducing Bcl-2 proteins, including Bim, Bax and Bak, with modest affinities. Structural analysis reveals that DPV022 adopts a Bcl-2 fold with a dimeric domain-swapped topology and binds pro-death Bcl-2 proteins via two conserved ligand-binding grooves found on opposite sides of the dimer. Structures of DPV022 bound to Bim, Bak and Bax BH3 domains reveal that a partial obstruction of the binding groove is likely to be responsible for the modest affinities of DPV022 for BH3 domains. These findings reveal that domain-swapped dimeric Bcl-2 folds are not unusual and may be found more widely in viruses. Furthermore, the modest affinities of DPV022 for pro-death Bcl-2 proteins suggest that two distinct classes of anti-apoptotic viral Bcl-2 proteins exist: those that are monomeric and tightly bind a range of death-inducing Bcl-2 proteins, and others such as DPV022 that are dimeric and only bind a very limited number of death-inducing Bcl-2 proteins with modest affinities.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".