Variability in Plasma Free Choline and its Relation with Diet and Potential Plasma Biomarkers
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Choline is an essential nutrient that is crucial for synthesis of phoshatidylcholine (PC), which is important for cell membranes and plasma lipoproteins. Choline is also involved in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, and when oxidized to betaine, serves as a methyl donor. Choline is present in a variety of foods, in different forms including PC. Additionally, choline is endogenously synthesized through the sequential methylation of phosphatidylethanolamine. The current biomarker used to assess choline status is plasma free choline, usually is measured at one time only; moreover is not the only form of choline in plasma. The relation of plasma free choline with the different choline forms present in the diet and plasma is not known. To assess intra‐individual variability of plasma free choline, and the relation with dietary intake and plasma PC and lyso‐phosphatidylcholine (LPC). This study involved 40 adults and used a repeated measure design, and blood samples were collected in different days. Plasma was analysed for free choline using LC‐MS/MS, and for PC and LPC using HPLC. Dietary intake of choline was calculated with nutritional software using database for choline. Within individuals, plasma free choline varied up to 83%, between different sample time points. However, comparing the mean from all participants showed a variance of only 30%. Different forms and total choline intake were not associated with plasma free choline values. The next step is to complete the analysis of plasma PC and LPC. Studies focusing in assessing plasma free choline need to be aware of the large daily individuals' fluctuation in this biomarker. Supported by CIHR grant and Becas‐Chile scholarship.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".