The affinity of yeast and bacterial SCO proteins for CU(I) and CU(II). A capture and release strategy for copper transfer
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
SCO (Synthesis of Cytochrome c Oxidase) proteins are present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and are often required for efficient synthesis of the respiratory enzyme cytochrome c oxidase. The Bacillus subtilis version of SCO (i.e., BsSCO) has much greater affinity for Cu(II) than it does for Cu(I) (Davidson and Hill, 2009), and this has been contrasted to mitochondrial SCO proteins that are characterized as being specific for Cu(I) (Nittis, George and Winge, 2001). This differential affinity has been proposed to reflect the different physiological environments in which these two members of the SCO protein family reside. In this study the affinity of mitochondrial SCO1 from yeast is compared directly to that of BsSCO in vitro. We find that the yeast SCO1 protein has similar preference for Cu(II) over Cu(I), as does BsSCO. We propose a mechanism for SCO function which would involve high-affinity binding to capture Cu(II), and relatively weak binding of Cu(I) to facilitate copper transfer.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it