SCD1 Inhibition Modifies Fatty Acid Regulation of Adipocyte Inflammation and Lipid Content
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During adipogenesis, adipocytes accumulate triacylglycerols concomitant with increases in the expression and activity of lipogenic genes such as stearoyl‐CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1). SCD1 is the rate‐limiting enzyme for the conversion of dietary and endogenous saturated fatty acids (SFAs) into monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), specifically, palmitate (PA) to palmitoleate (PMA) and stearate (SA) to oleate (OA). Changes in SCD1 activity alter adipocyte SFA/MUFA ratios, which affects cellular function and the development of obesity‐related complications. We examined the bioactivity of 250µM PA, SA, PMA or OA on SCD1‐inhibited adipocytes. SCD1‐inhibited and differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes were treated with fatty acids (FAs) for 48 hrs. FA composition, gene expression, and cytokine secretion were examined by gas chromatography (GC), qRT‐PCR, and multiplex immunoassays, respectively. Treating SCD1‐inhibited adipocytes with PA caused a substantial increase in SA levels that stemmed from an up‐regulation of elongase 6 activity, which was subsequently confirmed using a PA stable isotope tracer and GC coupled mass spectrometry. Adipocytes treated with SFAs showed larger increases in the expression and secretion of markers of inflammation (MCP1, IL6, and CCL5) compared to MUFAs, and these effects were accentuated with SCD1 inhibition. Taken together, reduced SCD1 activity in adipocytes up‐regulates the conversion of PA into SA, and enhances the pro‐inflammatory nature of SFAs. Grant Funding Source: Supported by NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".