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The growth of micro, small, and medium-sized hotel enterprises: the roles of the state.

2012· article· en· W1203477407 on OpenAlexvenueno aff
Khairil Wahidin Awang, Yuhanis Abdul Aziz, Zaiton Samdin

Bibliographic record

VenueArab world geographer · 2012
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldSocial Sciences
TopicDiverse Aspects of Tourism Research
Canadian institutionsnot available
Fundersnot available
KeywordsPromotion (chess)Nature versus nurtureMultinational corporationBusinessTourismMarketingState (computer science)Small and medium-sized enterprisesSmall businessFinanceSociologyPolitical science

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The tourism sector has been described with the active participation of multinational corporations and large locally based business establishments. However, there is still a place for smaller businesses, as the literature holds that the sector is dominated by a huge number of small businesses. This article aims to elucidate the factors that shape the development of these small businesses, beginning with an understanding of the state's roles in such ventures. Secondary data, together with first-hand information from in-depth interviews with policy makers and practitioners, form the basis of the authors’ arguments. Findings suggest that tourism is viewed as a progressive and important industry by both central and local governments. Policies such as the extension of capital, marketing or promotion, and the provision of training programs help to nurture the growth of micro, small, and medium-sized hotels. Nevertheless, some of these provisions and the ways in which they were implemented need to be re-evaluated...

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

How this classification was reachedexpand

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.002
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.041
Threshold uncertainty score0.828

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0020.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0010.002
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.014
GPT teacher head0.271
Teacher spread0.258 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it

Classification

machine, unvalidated

Machine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.

The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical

How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".

Quick stats

Citations3
Published2012
Admission routes1
Has abstractyes

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