Governance and Regional Planning and Development in Quebec. Recent Trends and challenges/La Reforme De la Gouvernance Territoriale Quebecoise a L'epreuve Des Problemes D'amenagement et De Developpement
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Regional planning and development has been affected by many changes in Quebec during the last decade. Numerous pieces of legislation and policies were adopted during that period by the Parti Quebecois government, and especially those relating to municipal reform and rural development. The aim of these reforms was mainly to resolve planning and development problems such as urban sprawl in metropolitan areas and youth out-migration in peripheral administrative regions. Some issues are still unanswered in relation to these public policies: Do they provide better tools to address development problems? Do they create a coherent and comprehensive system of governance? These questions are addressed through a discussion using some historical and institutional data and through a literature review. Based on this, it emerges that recent territorial policies in Quebec are not revolutionary but they contribute toward a reinforcement of local and regional institutions. The rescaling process associated with the creation of metropolitan communities and the amalgamation of large and mid-sized cities could allow improvements in the fields of town planning, economic development or policing while decreasing intra-metropolitan competition. In addition, the reinforcement of the role of the MRC (Regional Municipal Counties) in rural areas and the possibility now offered of electing regional mayors are other significant changes. Lastly, the clarification of the mandates of the structures of economic development with the arrival of the CLD (Local Development Centres) could make it possible to develop local potential more effectively. However, the new system of governance is very complex compared to the former which was standardized throughout Quebec. We now have seven types of local government institutions in the province. Au Quebec, la gouvernance territoriale vit a l'heure des reformes. Diverses politiques territoriales ont ete adoptees au cours des dix dernie res annees. Il convient de nommer la reforme municipale et la politique de la ruralite. Dans une large mesure, les reformes instaurees visent a combattre des proble mes recurrents d'amenagement et de developpement territorial. Ces proble mes s'accentuent et se telescopent dans le contexte de la mondialisation. Toutefois, les nouvelles politiques et institutions permettent-elles de s'attaquer plus efficacement aux proble mes d'amenagement et de developpement ? Forment-elles un syste me de gouvernance integre et coherent ? Nous tenterons de repondre a ces questions a l'aide d'analyses faisant appel a la litterature scientifique sur ce sujet. Selon nos analyses, les nouveaux moyens d'intervention des communautes quebecoises ne sont pas necessairement revolutionnaires mais ils convergent vers un renforcement des institutions locales et regionales. La montee en echelle associee a la creation des communautes metropolitaines et des villes regroupees pourrait permettre une meilleure coordination des activites d'amenagement et d'urbanisme, de developpement economique ou de securite publique tout en diminuant la competition intra metropolitaine. D'autre part, le renforcement du role des MRC en milieu rural et la possibilite aujourd'hui offerte d'elire les prefets au suffrage universel sont d'autres changements significatifs. En dernier lieu, la clarification des mandats des structures de developpement economique avec la venue des CLD pourrait permettre de developper davantage les potentiels locaux. Toutefois, au syste me anterieur uniformise compose de la municipalite locale et de la MRC ou la communaute urbaine s'ajoutent maintenant sept combinaisons d'institutions locales qui rendent le syste me de gouvernance territoriale fort complexe. ********** Au Quebec, la gouvernance territoriale vit a l'heure des reformes. En effet,le gouvernement a adopte et mis en oeuvre diverses politiques territorialesau cours des dix dernieres annees. Il convient de nommer la reforme municipale ou la politique de la ruralite, politiques lancees respectivement en 2000 et 2001. …
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".