The public management of sport crisis in French speaking African countries.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cet article s’attache à montrer les similitudes existant dans la gestion publique du sport entre les pays africains francophones comparés à partir du concept de modèle sportif. En tant qu’États africains et sociétés postcoloniales francophones, il apparaît que l’héritage du passé a profondément influencé leur mode d’organisation centralisé. Les pays africains francophones gèrent le sport de manière très « bureaucratique et légaliste » et font des fédérations nationales la base du système organisationnel afin de promouvoir quelques champions sur le plan international. Mais cette façade de « stars » masque un marché sportif peu diversifié et peu distinctif dont le poids économique semble dérisoire. En définitive, le modèle de la cogestion publique du sport dans les pays africains francophones apparaît en crise aujourd’hui pour faire face aux défis de la marchandisation du système sportif mondial.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".